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Home My WebLink About2015-0721 Documents Submitted at Mtg 7/ PHILIP C Lt1NG, ACSw, LCcS'W- OIZE. Lc~-11 1 • caw. Lc~«=~,~~oo 758 B Nitro o Ashland. Oregon 97520 Rc,,idcace 541, ® 482-8659 O[ficc/Fal 541 ® 482-5387 c -mail: Philip(ci-mind.ncl. July 21, 2015 BACKGROUND; ADA, THE CITY, AND OSF 1) The City owns the land on which the OSF Campus is located (park land) and the buildings as well. 2) The property is leased by the City to OSF. 3) The latest lease, dated 6/20/2000 is for 75 years. 4) Clauses relevant to this fact sheet are attached; a) Clause 11 - "liability insurance". b) Clause 15 - "compliance with ADA." 5) The ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) was passed and signed by President Bush in 1990. It provided the same civil rights and guaranteed access to public facilities to disabled people as the 1965 Civil Rights Act guaranteed to people of color. 6) ADA was amended in 1992, (ADAA), and 2009. 7) In 2010 Attorney General Eric Holder promulgated codified, specific requirements for compliance. These were incumbent on the states. It became part of The 2010 Oregon Structural Specialty Code - Chapter 11. It was incumbent on all public buildings as of March 1, 2012. It was essentially the pre-existing ADA requirements, now being made part of the Oregon Building Code (and the codes of all the states). PHILIP C I LING, AGST LCSAXT ORT`. LOAT-1141 CAL. LCeSV7-5500 758 B (Strcct a Ashland, Oregon 97520 Rcsidcacc 541 a 482-8659 0[fice/fa1 541 @ 482-5387 c-mail Philip u,mind.nc( PRESENTATION TO THE CITY COUNCIL: July 21, 2015 My purpose in appearing here is to provide you with information you may not have on the current status of the lawsuit over OSF non-compliance with the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act - 1990 et, seq.). I believe that all of us present share two core interests: 1) We care about the well-being of our citizens and visitors; 2) We care about the Oregon Shakespeare Festival - both its work and its critical economic importance to the City and the community. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A PERILOUS SITUATION 1) Legal Status a) The City and OSF have exhausted their options for: (1) having the case dismissed. (2) further delays b) The only remaining options will soon be: (1) negotiating a settlement - or (2) undergoing a trial 2) At Issue There are approximately 24 ADA violations in the courtyard and the theater and ancillary buildings. Some are multiple problems at the same locatiom (for ex.: the courtyard: need for ramps, handrails, new paving). 3) The "Top Three" Major Problems a) The "Bricks" (the term "courtyard should be used because more than the paving violates ADA requirements.) b) The lack of an elevator in the 600 seat Bowmer Theater. c) The lack of an Arrival Site. This is a flat disembarkation area at the street that allows safe disembarking from vehicles - a flat area to accomodate patrons with walkers, wheelchairs, or simply movement problems. 4) Current OSF Proposal OSF is planning to deal with just one problem - the lack of an elevator in the Bowmer. It has filed for a building permit (PA-2015-0128 - July 2, 2015). KAS & Assoc. engineers who we have engaged to do a comprehensive study that details all ADA violations, has prepared 5 reports, the last of which (dated April 24, 2015 - attached) concludes that the proposal does not meet ADA requirements. Presentation to City Council - 7/21/15 - p. 2 5) The City's Legal Vulnerability The City's ownership of the property would make it a co-defendant in the existing lawsuit. A section of the leasse requires OSF to conform to ADA requirements (Section 15 - attached). The City's "hold harmless" clause is useless because the City has negligently allowed OSF to violate this section of the lease for many years. It is therefore responsible in lawsuits over any injury claims tied to non-ADA compliance problems. 6) The City and OSF's Extended Liability a) The normal period for filing an injury lawsuit is two years. However, if negligence can be shown, it extends to three years. b) If negligence is proved, punitive damages, totalling 9X ordinary damages can be awarded. 7) A Looming Disaster a) The OSF audience has a large number of older and increasing frail, as well as disabled attendees. b) Increasing public exposure on injury causing violations through a trial and/or increased media attention that increases public awareness, also increases the likelihood of legal claims. c) It would take only one or two major injury lawsuits to create a disaster for the City and OSF: (1) The City requires (per lease provision) only $250K-$500K insurance from OSF. This is a miniscule amount given today's awards for injuries (see lease section 11 - attached). (2) The City's own insurance is for only $5 million/occurrence- $15 million aggregate (see list of City insurance - attached). Again, an unrealistic amount. d) The impact of successful injury lawsuits would be financially stressful for the City - disastrous for OSF. Claims against OSF would presumably have to be paid out of OSF's endowment. The negative impact on current or potential donors of using endowment money to pay for injury awards for negligent property management could be devastating. d) The record of injuries maintained by the Ashland Fire Department (EMS service) indicates consistent and significant calls to OSF for injuries and falls sustained on "The Bricks" or the Bowmer stairs. These events are probably grossly underreported for obvious reasons. Presentation to City Council - 7/21, 2015 - p. 3 It is my fervent wish that this could be avoided, as we remember our joint values and shared commitments. "What's past is prologue, what to come in yours and my discharge". Shakespeare - The Tempest Act II, scene 1_ (Quoted by Jerry Turner upon receiving the Antoinette Perry Award for OSF - 1971). PHILIP C. -LANG, ACSW~Ph.D a a ttachments: copy of City of Ashland Insurance Summary copy of sections of OSF/City 2000 lease. copy of KAS Engineers` April 24, 2015 report CIVIL Medford, OR 97501 Grants Pass, OR 97527 ° 304 S. Holly Street 1867 Williams Hwy, Suite 206 STRUCTURAL Tel: (541) 772-5867 Tel: (541) 479-5801 gig, PLANNING Fax: (541) 618-7389 Fax: (541) 244-2651 kas@kasinc.coni kas c@i kasinc.oom April 24, 2015 Dr. Philp) Lang 758 "B" Street Ashland, OR 97520 Re: OSF Courtyard Renovation and Bowmer Theatre Renovation Plan Review Dear Dr. Lang: I have reviewed the Design Development Plans dated 03)130/2015 for the proposed above referenced projects, In order to compare the proposed improvements to my observations of the site I will use nay July 21, 2014 and September 5, 2014 letters numbering as a guide. I submit the following observations with how I see each item addressed in the proposed renovation plans in hold italics, as numbered from mar July'-' 1, 2014 letter: 1. The slope. on the Chautauqua Park ramp access from Main Street (Photos 1140, 1141, 1142, 1145) measured 18.4% at the bottom and 18.9% at the top. This has a grooved concrete surface and there is a 36" high handrail on one side. This is NOT the accessible route to the theatre plaza, but it is a main point of connection for pedestrians. (The prvposetl plaits alo NOT aalalr~ess th is item.) 2. The ramp to the custodial office (Photo 1144) has a slope 23.6%, with 33" high handrail on. one side and the ramp is 36" wide. (Tire proposed plaits rto NOT a(lalress this itent.) 3. The brick landing at the top of the Chautauqua Parr ramp (Photos 1143, 1146) leads to the custodial office ramp and stairs leading to the plaza. The stairs have a niaxirnum riser height of T' and a minimum tread length of 11" and has three, 36" high handrails. (The proposed plans shot, this landing and the stairs leatling to the Playa aural the Cotirty atxl to be rentoved and replaacerL The grtatlirag pltrrt tloes riot heive sufficient irrfQrrrttatiora at this tune to tleterrrtirte if the ltua(lirtg liras slarl)es of 2% ot• less. The proposed reiiovaati©n tloes AIOT make this area ADA accessible.) 4. The brick area and ramp leading from the stairs to the plaza (Photos 1147, 1148) has a maxim im slope of 11.2% near the bottom acid 3.8% near the top with 34" high handrails on both sides. (T'Ite proposed graraliitg pltui, L300 titres NOT shoiv hoiv this area will he renowtted and no detaails are sholikrt (as to boil, this area will rtteetADA requirements.) 5. There are two ramps froin the plaza- to the Cif Shop (Photos 1149, 1150). The right ramp has an 8% slope and less than 2% cross-slope with a 35" high handrail on one side. The left ramp has an I I % slope and a 4.7% crass-slope with a 36" high handrail. on one side. This ramp is only 33" wide and has a vertical lip of nearly I'' at the top. The vertical I" lip has been removed and the ramp is now flush with the landing. (Tlae proposed) plaatt.s show this (tceess to ire i erttoved and replaced. Ervin the information shoji n, the laruling outside the door into the Gift Shop will exceed 2%, which is A10T alloived and the ramp elonw to the Courtyard will exceed 5/, ivltich means there must be handrails on both sides) vwsrw.kasino.com d, The ramp to the Administration Office (Photos 1151-1157) is "L`' shaped with a 43"x43" landing; at the corner. This upper end of the ramp has a slope of 0.3% and less than a 2% cross-slope with a 34"-36" high handrail on one side. The lower ramp itas a slope of 15.5% near the top and. 14,6% near the bottom with a 36" higli handrail on one side. (Tire proposedpl{tits slim, this access to Ire i°eiiiot,ed ,titd i`elrlrrcell. The neiv proposed ramp alrpears to ineetADA recluiremeuts.) 7. The stairs froth the plaza to the Administration Office (Photo 1158) have 7" maximum riser height and I F mimmunl tread width and has 34"-36'' high handrails on both sides. (Tire pr•olrcrsed plates slioit> this access to Ire reitiQiaetl atilt i'elitlicell. The tieiv proposed st(tir's 111rliefir ter rueet ADA requirements.) 8. The Plaza area gear the Angus Bownier Theatre. (Photos 1159-1163) has a 36" high handrail along one side. The lower portion of the plaza ramp slope is 13.8%. The center portion is 11.7% with a 4.1% cross-slope and the ripper portion is 7.6% with 't 4.8% cross-slope. (The proj)osed plans show this access to be retried and replaced. A new ramlr aj)peltts to ixeetADA requirements into a Roivater Theatre entrance and a neiv stairii'ay connects this landing to the Ivtifet' Irltrt lif tllE? i fllit`t~'llrt. The ueit, grades bellrii, the jlrlrprrsed grass area appear to meet ADA relluireuteuts.) 9. Both entrances into the Elizabethan Stage (Photos 1164, 1165) are less than 5% slope. (The proposer{ pllius sltnNl these riccess poiiifs to be t'eittci,ell aird relrtlicel. The proposed graftes betiveeit tite Etizttbetltliii Stlige (titd the pt,ol)o.ved gills lti`ea appeftr' to iiieet ADA i•egiiit•eitiettts fitid caii Irecotisiflered pitrt lflflint ficcESsible t'Qtite betiileeii the Elizabetliflil St(lge ttild the Bou,nier Theatre.) 10. The ramp along the left side of the Elizabethan Stage (Photo 1166) has a slope of 11.7% with less than a 2% cross-slope and has no handrails. (The proposed plaits shoty this ramp to be elitttinatetl and made part of a proposed landscaped area.) 11. The ramp to the south accessible restrooni inside the Elizabethan Stage (Photos 1167-1169) has a slope of 8.7% with less than a 2% cross-slope. There is 3r'fs" to 344" vertical lip where the brick pavers meet the concrete landing. There are 36" high handrails on both sides of this ramp. The location of this restrooni is NOT well marked. The ramp to the north accessible restrooni is 7.2% Nvith no lip and 36" handrails on both sides. It also is NOT well narked. The lip where the pavers meet the landing has been corrected and is now flush. (Tire proposed plaits show NO renovations to this area.) 12. The Plaza between the Elizabethan Stake and the center of the Plaza is shoNvii in Photos 1170 and 1172. These slopes are in excess of 5% and there are no 'handrails. (The propose{{ plaits shoiv this area to be removed atilt replaced{. The pt-opos•efl gr`alles betiveerr the Elizabethan Stage and the proposed grass area alrl)ear to tneet ADA requirements and can be considered part of an accessible route betiveen the Elizabethan Stage and the Batvrtter Theatre.) 13. The Plaza between Pioneer Street and the center of the Plaza is shorn in Photos 1171 and 1173. The slope parallel to Pioneer Street is 11.9% and there are no handrails. The brick pavers are also uneven in this area as visible in Photo 1173. (The proposed plaits shoji) this area to be renmi=edl and replace{. The grades in the IQ' area adjacent to the curb of Roneer Street wilt remain the saute and their transition into benches and access into the proliosed grass area. This transition area does A10T ineetADA requirements, but it is much better than the existing and the transition area is reasonabtl7 short to get to ADA compliant areas.) 14. The Plaza area near the old Box Office location (Photos 1174-1178) has not changed from my previous report with slopes as high as 19.4%. There is a 36" high handrail from Pioneer Street sidewalk to the old Box Office location, (The proj)osed plaits sl on, this area to be removed and replaced. A neiv retaining wall iii front of the building allows the grades to be picked ulr and Visit us at www.kasinc.cottl after a short transition area, the cross-slopes tire Zia or less and appear to meetADA requirements. The longitudinal slopes also appear to meet ADA requirements in this lo}cler Courtyard area.) t5. The crosswalk at Pioneer Street (Photos 1179-1181) is concrete with an 11.9% slope. (The proposed plans (lo NOT address this itent.) 16, The New Theatre brick paver plaza (Photos 1182, 1183) has a slope of 3%. (Tire proposed plans do NOT address this item.) 17. The ramp from the New Theatre plaza to the new Box Office concrete landing (Photos 1184, 1185) has a slope of 9.5% with NO handrails. (The proposed plans do A10T address this item.} IS. The main Plaza area directly facing the stage in the center of the Plaza (Photos 1186-1188) has a slope of 9.3%. (Tlte proposed plarts short, this uteri to be removed and replacer. The cross- slopes are 2% or less and appear to rrteetADA requirements. The longitudinalslopes also appear to rneetADA requirements in this lower Courttwrtl area.) 19. The Point of Sale and Service Counters at the Elizabethan Theatre are NOT ACCESSIBLE. Section 1109.I 13 and 1109.11.4 of the 2010 OSSC requires an accessible counter. This same condition may occur in other facilities, which we did not have access to at the time of my visit. (,fie proposed plans do s'VOT address this item.) 20. The intersection of I-Iargadine Street, Fork Street and South Pioneer Street is relatively flat and could be a possible loeatioa for an "Accessible Site Arrival Point". This location is close to the Elizabethan Theatre and should be considered for this purpose. (The proposed plans t1o NOT address this item and NO ACCESSIBLE SITL'ARRI K4L POINT IS .PROPOSED.) I submit the following observations with how I see each itern addressed in the proposed renovation plans in bold italics, as numbered from .,my September 5, 2014 letter: 1. There was a "Green Show" information table set up in, front of the old box office location. This is at the bottom of a very steel? grade; as noted in number 14 of my previous letters. (The proposed plans may address this item, depending upon where this table is placed in the future.) 2. The Tudor Guild building just north of the Allen Elizabethan Theatre on the plaza sells food and souvenirs. The single counter is too tall and is NOT ADA accessible. OSSC Section 11 49.11.3 and 1149.11.4 requires Point of Sale and Food Service Counters to be accessible. (The proposedl plarts do NOT address this itent.) 3. The Tudor Guild Gift Strop does have two ramps from the plaza area to the building, as noted in number 5 of my previous letters. There is also a ramp on the inside of the building to service the upper floor area. This ramp appears to meet ADA requirements. ('l'ire proposed plans show this access to be removed and replacer. rront the information shown, the Iantling outside the (loot, into the Gift Shop Frill exceed 2%, which is NOT allowed and the ramp down to the Courtyard will exceed S%, which means there must he handrails oil both sides.) 4. The main entrance area into the Angus Bowmer- Theatre has quite a slope to it, likely over 5%, but there are no handrails. Portions of this short ran.p may even be over 8%. On the left side of this plain entrance are two box office windows, neither or ADA accessible and there is no level landing area to stand in front of these windows. (Tlre proposed pltriis slroty this area to be removed and replacer. The proposed lttrtflitrg grtrdes ri,ill eveeed 2%, rt,hrch in NOT allolve(. i'lfore detail is needed in this area to verify that a 2o01 lantling rill be provided in front of all the doors.) Visit us at wwwAasit7C.com 5. The inane lobby of the theatre does have two heights of service counters, but the lower service counter is still higher than 34" and therefore floes NOT meet ADA requirements. (The proposed plaits do rNOT athlress this item.) 6. There is NO directional signage for ADA facilities visible in the lobby area or near the main entrance. Staff members have to tell people to use the ADA accessible entrance from the plaza area that is near the Tudor Guild building, The location of accessible facilities is slio-vvn on neap in the Playbill and on other literature, but there are NO directional signs visible. {Tire proposed Plans (lrr A£OT rrddj,ess this item.) 7. The downstairs restroonl facilities are NOT ADA accessible. (The proposed plans rlo NOT address dais itent. Tlie pr oposetl elel~titai- floes AT01'sei~i,e the b(rsernerrt rrr,ea iticlttrlirig the meal's r-estroonts.) 8. 't'here is access to one (1) unisex- ADA accessible restroonl with a privacy loch near the one accessible entrance to the building. There is also a drinking fountain in the accessible corridor as well as two other drinking fountains in the main lobby. I did not go into restroom and cannot verify if it truly meets AIWA requirements or not, but it is marked as being accessible. (Tire pl•oposerl Plans ientoves atnter-elocates one (I) unisex-ADA accessible restroonl and (tires A'OT dicier, the drinking fountain being aerator=ere or replacetl) 9. There are two (2) spaces for wheelchairs just inside the theatre at the end of the accessible entrance front the plaza. There is NO companion seating area as these two spaces are enclosed by railing on three sides. According to OSSC Section 1108.2.2.1 there should be 7 wheelchair spaces in an assembly area holding 600 people. This facility has 2 spaces. There is NO elevator in this building. (The lrt•oposed plrris rlo A'OT rtrltli~ess the nrrrnber• of ri~lteelch(iir settees. An eler,rrlor• is proposetl in this neiu plait.) 10. The only route from the theatre to the main lobby area, where food service is provided requires leaving the building through the accessible entrance and going down the plaza through the main lobby entrance. (Tlte prooposed elevator ii,ill proi~itle trccess fr•orrt the Tlieatr•e seating at•etr to the lobl~jt as ivell as an tlppei, float`, but NOT the basement.) 11, Listening Devices are available in the lobby, however, the signage is very poor. (Tire proposed plaits tlo ATOT adih-ess this iterrr.) 12. I also looked at the intersection ofPioneer and Hargadine streets and there is a nice flat area that could be re-designed to provide at least a two-car drop-off area. It would require loosing some trees and landscaping, but it could be done. (Tile proposed plans rlo A'OT (tri(Il-ess this iterrl ntrtl INO ACCESSIBLE SITE, ARRIVAL POINT IS PROPOSED.) The proposed renovation plans do NOT address any items in my September 5, 2014 letter for the Thomas Theatre. The Renovation Plans will have to meet current Building Code requirements, which are very similar to the previous codes I have referenced in other letters. The proposed Courtyard Renovation plans tell certainly improve the safety and accessibility to the buildings, but NOT including an Accessible Site Arrival Point (OSSC Section 1104,1) or providing an Accessible Route within the Site (OSSC 1104.2) to the various buildings does NOT, in my opinion, meet building code reduirenlents. The Bownler Theatre Renovation plans will provide access from the theatre to the lobby, without leaving the building, but will not improve any other accessibility issue. A very thorough review by the City of Ashland Building Official must take place to determine if the proposed improvements meet the requirements of the Building Code, visit us at www.kasinc.com 11. LIABILITY INSURANCE. OSF shall procure, and during the term of this Lease shall continue in force, the following policies of insurance at OSF's cost: Public liability and property damage in a responsible company with limits of not less than $250,000.00 for injury to one person, $500,000.00 for injury to two or more persons in one occurrence, and $100,000.00 each occurrence for damage to property. City may require OSF to increase these limits in the event of any change in the provisions of ORS 30.270, or in the event these limits are found to be not totally applicable to a city. Such insurance shall cover all risks arising directly or indirectly out of OSF's activities on or as a result of the condition of the Property and shall protect the City and OSF against all claims of third persons. Certificates evidencing such insurance and bearing endorsements requiring thirty (30) days written notice to the City prior to any change or cancellation shall be furnished to the City. It is agreed that the City shall not be liable to any third persons as a result of the use of the Property by OSF, its employees or agents, 4 15. COMPLIANCE WITH ADA. Except for the Parking Facility Property, OSF shall be solely responsible for any improvements, alterations or repairs to the Property required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), whether or not the ADA imposes such requirements on the City as owner of the Property. OSF shall provide all services, programs or activities conducted by it on the Property in compliance with the ADA, whether or not such compliance is imposed by the ADA upon the City. OSF shall defend and indemnify and hold entirely free and harmless City from and against all ADA-related claims, judgments, damages, penalties, fines, costs, liabilities, or losses which arise during or after the lease term and which are imposed on, or paid by or asserted against City by reason improvements, alterations or repairs to the Property or services, programs or activities conducted on the Property by OSF. CERTIFICATE OF COVERAGE Agent This certificate is issued as a matter of information only and confers no rights upon the certificate holder other DIRECT than those provided in the coverage document This certificate does not amend, extend or alter the coverage afforded by the coverage documents fisted herein. citycounty insurance services Named Member or Participant Companies Affording Coverage City of Ashland COMPANY A - CIS 20 East Main Street COMPANY B - National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pitts, PA Ashland, OR 97520 COMPANY C - RSUI Indemnity LINES OF COVERAGE This is to certify that coverage documents listed herein have been issued to the Named Member herein for the Coverage period indicated- Not withstanding any requirement, term or condition of any contract or other document with respect to which the certificate may be issued or may pertain, the coverage afforded by the coverage documents listed herein is subject to all the terms, conditions and exclusions of such coverage documents. Type of Coverage Company Certificate Effective Termination Date Coverage Limit Letter Number Date General Liability A 14LASH 7(112014 71112015 General Aggregate: $15,000,000 X Commercial General Liability Each Occurrence: $5,000,000 X Public Officials Liability X Employment Practices X Occurrence Auto Liability A 14LASH 7/112014 7/112015 General Aggregate: None X Scheduled Autos Each Occurrence: $5,000,000 X Hired Autos X Non-Owned Autos Auto Physical Damage A 14APDASH 71112014 711/2015 X Scheduled Autos X Hired Autos X Non-Owned Autos X Property A/C 14PASH 711/2014 7/1/2015 Per Filed Values X Boiler and Machinery A 14BASH 71112014 71112015 Per Filed Values X Excess Crime i3 14ECASH 7/112014 71112015 Per Loss: $250,000 Excess Earthquake Excess Flood Excess Cyber Liability Workers' Compensation Description: Certificate showing the City of Ashland's current insurance. Certificate Holder. CANCELIATION: Should any of the coverage documents herein be cancelled before the expiration date thereof, CIS will provide 30 days written notice to the certificate holder named herein, but failure to mail PROOF OF INSURANCE FOR such notice shall impose no obligation or liability of any kind upon CtS, its agents or representatives, or the CITY OF ASHLAND, OREG issuer of this certificate, (541) 552-2090 Ctn~~~-~ Date: March 16, 2015 Dear Mayor and Council Members, My daughter and I were attacked while walking my dog up Morton st. The deer reared up missing my head with its sharp hoof by an inch. It continued to follow and threaten us for another 50 yards and would have attacked again if my daughter hadn't picked up a garbage can as a shield. It was terrifying. I called the city and received very little help and not much sensitivity. I realized the city wasn't taking this as seriously as it needed to be taken. Especially after I have since heard over 30 stories of chases and attacks with injuries, some of which have been serious, and frightening children and adults. This is a public safety issue, the same as when there has been a cougar and bear in town. Deer attack people often, I have never heard of a bear or cougar attack in this town. At first I just wanted to know how to protect myself in the event of another attack. It was clear the person on the phone didn't know the answer to my question. I was told to read the "Living with Wildlife" information on their website and the city newsletter. Nowhere does it say these deer can seriously hurt and even kill a dog, child or adult. In my opinion the language and suggestions are not strong enough and do not acknowledge the seriousness of the problem. I want to say I have done enough research to realize this is a complicated issue and there are no easy solutions. Though I am here to ask that you take it to the next level. Create a task force, increase your education program, post bigger signs all over town. Educate city hall how to handle traumatized residents. These are not just a few hysterical people. Your task force should include city and ODFW officials. I don't think this is an issue that can be passed back and forth, this should be a team effort. There is increasing research on what to do with the problems with urban deer. Keep up with the research, like what the town of Hastings, NY is doing with immunocontraception. It's a town similar to ours. There are now contraception drugs that last up to three years. Think about a way our unique city could accept the idea of culling, like introducing the idea as a way to rebalance nature, maybe doing it ceremonially, and for the benefit of the deer as well. Using local native American tribes? Maybe re-locating the most aggressive deer to a sanctuary somewhere. The point is that this task force would be charged with having to think out of the box for the safety of Ashland residents and Tourists. The ODFW biologist said these deer are becoming more and more aggressive that it's a problem all over the country but the Ashland deer are particularly aggressive. Deer do kill people. In another town in the US, a child was killed by a kick in the head. Lets be proactive and not wait until this happens. Thank you for your time. Sincerely, Ann Barton ,:)L- I ~Cll ~'S Q r . P) 5h1,~~~ X77 5 ~v 180 Mead Street Ashland 20th July 2015 Dear City Counsellors and Mr. Mayor, I had quite the shock this morning. A very frightened deer jumped into my courtyard, hitting an umbrella, and thundered through to the back garden where it jumped, thank goodness, out. This was over an 8 foot fence put up this year to keep the deer out. I thought we had `deer proofed' our yard, obviously not! Luckily, I was not sitting in my chair that the deer would have landed on, nor were there children in the courtyard as there had been the day before at that exact time. This deer had no idea what was on the other side, as the fence is solid. I understand that the deer were here first. But we are here now and we should live in harmony. Harmony is out of balance and needs to be regained by lowering the deer numbers and keeping them in check. We have a sign in our alley telling us that we need to be careful of an aggressive deer. She has two fawns, and another has a fawn. They live in this alley. This has become a dangerous alley. If this was a bear would it be allowed to stay in the alley? When I first moved to Ashland in 1985 most houses didn't have fences. Ashland had a very open feel. It was pretty wonderful. Now it is becoming more and more fenced and these fences are becoming higher and higher. How high do fences have to be? Please pay attention to this situation as other cities have. Thank you, Jane Street ^V~u\ \ L~(jtC : Ct1C~stYI, Don't mess with a Mama deer! The deer in Ashland can be more dangerous than we think! Yes they are cute and remind us of Bambi and somehow it shakes us up to think that these docile mythological-like animals will attack us. They do and will! Listen up City Officials! Many citizens want you to take this issue more seriously than you have. Something needs to be done about these overpopulated, diseased and aggressive deer. I hope it doesn't take a tragedy to wake you up and put aside the politics of the season to protect the citizens of this town. My daughter, my dog and I were walking up Morton st. a month ago, a deer on the other side of the road attacked us. The deer reared up and missed the back of my head with it's hooves by an inch. It was determined to come after us, even after we were up the hill away from it. It came back and stalked us again. My daughter had the presence of mind to pick up a trash can and use it like a shield which only kept it from actually hoofing us. It didn't give up until we were 50 yards up the hill. It was a very frightening! I have never been stalked or attacked by a wild animal before and hope I never will be again. If my daughter hadn't picked up the trash can we would have been hurt. I posted my story on Ashland Peeps Facebook page where more than 25 Ashlanders shared stories about getting chased and attacked. Some have been injured and all were frightened. Three were corned in their back yards, two were pummeled leaving serious injuries, one of whom went to the ER. One woman was surrounded by 4-5 deer, another woman ran after a deer who was chasing two small boys, one of whom fell and then another deer chased the woman. Dogs have been attacked and killed. One woman was followed by a pack of deer. A local Doctor has taken care of a number of people who were attacked, one had a broken femur. It's not always about dogs, another woman was attacked without a dog. I'd say this is a serious problem. I called the city and spoke with Ann seltzer, she told me they had a "Living with Wildlife Summit" and to read their "living with wildlife" pamphlet. Is this pamphlet came out of their summit? She also said, if an aggressive deer attacks, to let your dog go and run. One quote from their pamphlet, "Deer always move forward, so the stalking behavior is probably not stalking at all".... Well, I'd say the deer that attacked me was absolutely stalking us and what's it mean when she rears up and tries to hit me in the head with her hoof? Is that not stalking as well? Nowhere do they say deer can be VERY dangerous! And that there are some deer in our sweet little tourist town who are trying to KILL our dogs and us if we happen to be in the way. Which by the way I'd never let my dog go if attacked by a deer, she would have been killed. Ann also said the city has no power to do anything about the problem, she said it's the jurisdiction of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. So I called them. I spoke with Steve niemele who was very helpful and understanding. -June-July is fawn season. The mamas are in fierce protective mode and can be aggressive. Though I have heard the season is more like June- September. -The fall is rutting season when the Bucks can be dangerous. -In town dogs are their biggest predators. Dogs look like coyote to the deer. -These are city deer who have lived here for many generations with people feeding them (DON'T!) so they are partially domesticated, we don't hunt them in town so they have lost their fear of us. They are over populated and used to the delicious treats we grow in our gardens, which is not their natural diet. They are different than "wild" deer and they have more diseases and have few predators. -Most attacks happen with medium to small dogs, but not all and some without dogs. -He also said carry a walking stick and an airhorn. He and the other biologist were debating whether it was best to run or not. He said he didn't know if there has been any research done on how to best get away from an the population of these deer, a way to relocate extremely aggressive deer, like the ones on Gresham st. Why not take them to Sanctuary One? They educate us about the dangers of Bear and Cougar and even relocate them if they come too close to town. Its time for the city to take action to reduce this problem. I researched a number of different ways other cities deal with this problem. One is called culling, which is to issue hunting licenses, usually bow hunting, some cities hire professionals to do this, they then give the meat to the homeless shelters. The town of Hastings NY is experimenting with contraception. Another idea is to at least relocate the aggressive deer and her family. My understanding is it is not possible to simply relocate deer, they don't survive and they pass their diseases to the wild deer. I think we, the citizens of Ashland need to call our city officials to action. This is a public safety issue, its time they make this a priority. July 20, 2015 Dear Mayor and City Council: We are hoping you will take our concern serious as like many other Ashlander's we feel you don't want to hear from us only the outspoken newbie's to our town. So many feel its a waste of their time to speak up. Pleases take this Deer, Bear Problem serious. We have been community members and tax payers for 41 yrs. we have grandchildren that we are afraid to allow to go for walks or ride bikes in our neighborhood where we have felt safe until now. That's a shame, your allowing a threat to our safety to live in our town. Your harming our quality of life. There has been instances in our neighborhood with deer. We have had property damage this past year for the first time in 41 yrs from deer. Knowing people have been attacked in our neighborhood or town is very scary. Animals allowed to be fed by anyone in a city limits is the responsibility of the city to fine and stop or arrest these people as they are changing an animals natural habitat. Deer, Bear in the wild are that wild and they are protected by nature natural predators and ways that control and get rid of diseased animals. When you allow it in our city it is your responsibility. Animals in the wild rarely attack someone when walking a dog or hiking, they run as their natural instincts protect them. What you have had an blind eye to is an injustice to these animals and our community members, now we are paying the price for this. Letters to the editor calls to APD and ODF, Face book are many places already been saying there is a problem. We now have a massive problem that is ruining the quality of life for many here. People are afraid to go for walks, or let their children or grand children out to ride bikes or walk their dogs or play in our yards. I have a friend whose teenage daughter all last year has been aggressively harassed, attacked when trying to catch the school bus. No child should have to be scared like that imagine what this has done to her. The deer were not protecting their young either. We have seen many deer in the wild before their proper habitat. They don't attack when with their young babies, they run away. Deer in our community are so sickly they might need to be treated or put down before relocating. But they deserve to be in the habitat that God intended for them relocated is the only option for them, Bear or any other animal that tries to make a city their habitat. this is not normal or healthy should not be allowed. Passing thru is one thing but living here that should never be allowed. If someone had a dog, or any other pet and it attacked other animals or people this you wouldn't allow. We have laws to protect our children and community members, from attacks of domestic pets why not have the same laws protect us from wild animals. Deer are known for lyme disease why isn't that a concern if you allow it and someone dies your responsible. I know a very special lady a long time Ashland resident who died a couple years ago, of lyme disease. She told the dr she knew it was lyme on her first visit. she had many tests for it from him and other specialists from San Francisco to OHSU and it wasn't until it was to late that one of the tests finally showed it was lyme. She left an husband and teenage daughter. Now how long before we have an outbreak. I just hope you take this serious and do some drastic changes to insure my families safety. Is there a number of people who need to be injured before you do something or children attacked. I guarantee we have some that live in fear now. Do you really want to scare away families to move here or those who are here now allow their children to play outside. The quality of life for us in in your hands do something before a tragedy that you will have to live with. RELOCATE, or eliminate the deer. Trying to have faith in our city council, Doug and Darcy Noyes 384 Cambridge St. Ashland OR, 97520 Darla Claire I've had this happen to me as well. I had a gang (5 of them) of what appeared to be young males. They semi circled me and my little (quite) ShiTzu, they were getting ready to attack when a person across the street came yelling and running towards th...See More Unlike - Reply, - 2 • June 16 at 10:01 pin • Edited Teresa Safay And the City sends out stupid flyers to tell us how to fence ourselves in from these mangy menaces. I am really very tired of feeling stalked whenever I walk around town. It will take a tourist being attacked before something is done. We keep talking paint guns. Tie dyed Bambi. Taslia Schaal I'll have to keep pepper spray with me when I walk a dog. Unlike Reply - 1 • Yesterday at 7:20am Julia Pol,)pen Rezek WOW! Very frightening. Unlike - Reply . I • Yesterday at 9:31am Zahara S, ~lomon Sorry to hear! There's a crazy one up Granite St too, have had friends attacked there. Shauna Marie Farmer I am sorry for your attack. I will share that my 4yr old daughter and husband(who is extremely strong) were attacked by a male in rut some years ago and my daughter would have died had my husband not grabbed the deer by the horns as it rammed my daugh...See More Deborah Delaunay Is it illegal to feed the deer? If not it should be Unlike - Reply; - 1 • 13 hrs Nicole Brady wow, this sounds scary. it's the first time i've heard about it too and thank you for sharing. what are the situations in which they might attack a dog or child? we live on 7ths street and see deer families regularly - in our yard, on sidewalks and aro...See More Unlike - Reply . l • 13 hrs Deni se 4-t% as W WOW had no idea Deer could be this way..I was always so happy to see them when I was in Ashland.. Unlike - Reply - l - 6 hrs Diane. Therese Niclio~ls Oh my gosh. I never knew that. Karen Sara,ati Michelle Yikes!!! Did you know Karen O. got pounced on in her neighborhood? Scary! Linda Mashlak.jian Sendar Terrible story! As you may recall I lived on Morton for a number of years and there is a lot of animal activity up there. I was walking on Waterline a few years ago and an entire pack of deer showed up behind me...when I walked they walked and when I...See More Lisa LaFrieda Patti Salvioli Be very careful out there during the spring/summer. A deer killed my dog a year ago next week. They have babies and hide them in the fields around town and attach any one or thing that comes near it. So sorry you had to run for your life.. Willow Nauth I had a similar experience a few years ago with a crazy dear„ in my own yard. It is so scary when they try to box you! I'm sorry for your experience. Willow Nauth A friend of mine posted recently" will the city of Ashland pay for my extensive vet bill? My dog was attacked by a deer". This over population is not being delt with but ignored, more dogs will be marred and injured and Eventualy a child or an adult. The big question what can be done? Why is this not a high priority for the city of Ashland? It's getting worse fast, Zoe AIowan I agree. There have been too many accidents with deer that have seriously harmed people and dogs. That must have been so terrifying. Their hooves are very sharp. Glad you had your amazon shield wielding girl with you! Orchid Mandala Somehow we think it's inhumane to kill off or thin the herd so we let them eat our gardens and terrorize us! Time to deal with it, Ashland City Council! What about a'catch & release' program? Jackson County has a great 'catch & release' program for drug addicts! Charles Douglas People have the right to use deadly force to protect themselves from a non- human animal attacking them or their children, just sayin'.. Eden McCarthy Yes, something needs to be done. My dog and I were chased by a deer last year, and it was terrifying. When the mamas are protecting their fawn, they get crazy. I was recovering from surgery at the time and wasn't supposed to run, but I sprinted as f...See More Katharine Lockwood Lang Some people feed the long-legged rodents, which lessens their natural fear of humans. Clarkie Clark A ranger in Yosemite once told me that deer cause the most human related injuries than any other animal in the park. Michelle Lopez I once had a deer chase me year ago.. I was on crutches at the time with a major leg injury.. Luckily a friend was across the street with his wolf dog they saw it.. And protected me.. I was so scared... The next day I learned it was a pregnant female.. She had babies in a back yard.. That may have been what was going on for that deer... I have a taser now at least I can scare an animal with the loud noise... Piper Brinson There is definitely a problem with aggressive deer in this town. Last year my 15 year old minding-her-old-dog beeswax got stomped big time in my own back yard on Lincoln Street. Steve Coffman It was probably a new mother with a fawn nearby. If so, she was just doing what many animals would do to a 'perceived' threat to their young. (Motherhood is a very powerful influence.) The same thing happened to me once when I was walking my dog. I actually threw rocks at the deer, which did very little to deter it. Probably the best thing to do in that situation is to just get out of the area ...asap. Karl Haynes It has happened to me too. Two does protecting some fawns (that I didn't see) and one doe was super aggressive, even with my large dog barking at it. Howie Woodwind Mornin--star I have taken care of a number of folks injured by deer in Ashland, including one with a fractured femur... its no joke. Juliet Butters Doty That sounds really frightening. Take the story to the City Council/Chambers and tell them of your experience and that they need to DO something for the humans. Maureen Robinson Slack Ashland deer also attack people who are not with dogs. i was attacked painfully a few years ago. I don't think many of us can outrun a deer. Maya Elder When I see them now, I try and walk the farthest I can from them. I will cross the street. Even on my bike. Elizabeth Grace Churchill I had an automatic umbrella with me once when a deer was approaching a dog and I. I unwrapped the umbrella and hit the open button, and when it shot toward the deer and then opened up, the deer was freaked out and ran away. So you could carry an automatic umbrella? Maya Elder We also need to stop feeding them! Cover our garbage really good. Maybe get the town to put up signs to Not feed the wildlife as well. To try and make our gardens and plants deer proof. It's not easy but that may help. Renee K Norman Down with bow hunting. Everything in life is about balance and harmony. When a population of towny deer get to big due to many factors, including residents leaving out feeding and watering stations where viruses spread quickly in the population. They died sick and in pain. It's better to thin the population. Take the meat and donate it to homeless shelters. Emily Jean Daisy I am all for allowing Bow Hunting in Ashland. I think the over population of deer have become a serious problem. I think the city should host a workshop on how to kill and skin a deer and process every part of its body for useful things. The meat co...See Mere Katharine Lockw(x)d Lang I agree that culling can be the kindest thing, as there are just too many deer vying for the available food and some of them look downright emaciated. Maureen Robinson Slack Ashland deer also attack people who are not with dogs. i was attacked painfully a few years ago. I don't think many of us can outrun a deer. Jessica Sexton I've never had to use it, but I walk to work with an air horn. I've had a few near misses with skittish deer... sabeau Vollhardt The disease in part may be due to people feeding them corn. They cannot digest corn. By feeding them corn it promotes disease. Deer resistant gardening is always an option (they won't eat euphorbia, lavender, dianthus, artemisia, mints ...I know, I've watched them walk right by). Ro % Scarbrough is right, there's a lot we CAN do as a community to dissuade them. And yes, James Sheridan makes a good point: don't put salt licks out for them. Maya Elder We need to deer proof everything. Our garbage, our gardens, and stop throwing food at them. If the have no food maybe they will go farther up the mountains for them. It will take effort from the whole town and warning the tourists to do the same as we do. Teresa Safay Deer proofing is very expensive when it requires 8 ft fencing around entire yards. And now we are being told not to walk our dogs, and to carry large sticks to fight off deer when we walk the streets in town. It's getting silly, and the deer population need to be culled. I don't care how it's done, but hopefully the City will start taking their responsibilities to the citizens more serious than they have been by ignoring this problem for so long. Nancy Curfmar] Begnoche Ashland is becoming a town - not of trees, but of fences. Too many of us can no longer walk in our neighborhoods. Not a pleasant way to live. My dogs were attacked by a deer 100 feet from my house in Quiet Village. They are beatiful majestic creatures when they attack in the middle of suburbia. They are dangerous. Population control please! July 16 at 9:29pm • Unlike • 3 Darcy Noyes The people who have been feeding them need to be arrested its what started this problem. The deer need to be relocated (the healthy ones others need to be tested treat them if they can be ) We have lived here for 42 yrs. Deer in the past would run if they saw you they were just passing thru. The deer that are here now are unhealthy. They act like they own my yard don't spook when I try to get them out of my yard. They eat my roses and flowers. Bed down in middle of day. Deer in the wild act totally different and are healthy. God wanted them to be in their own environment not sick in towns. I am scared to walk my dog or let my grandkids ride bikes or go for walks. The deer are harming our quality of life. Scared of Lyme disease. Please remove them from our town. Sophia Paiosaari Relocation would probably be a death sentence as they're totally unequipped to live in the wild. Harvest them, and use the meat for homeless shelters, maybe? James Sheridan I live up on Morton and see the deer daily. If my dog was ever hurt or killed by a deer it would be MY fault. If my sedum, echinacea, and peonies are eaten by the deer it's MY fault. I believe there's an issue with residents feeding the deer, at the very least it does not help. Culling is not a great idea, we attract them with feeders, salt licks, then we cull them? Fine residents who feed the deer? Sad either way. Teresa Safay Just curious if all of you thinking the super aggressive, life threatening deer should be allowed to continue to prowl the streets hurting children and pets would feel the same way about having a rat infestation? Rodents are rodents. Would you let rats infest your home while singing Kubaya? Teresa Safay Indeed...and respectfully removing the herds of dear from town to the mountains is a win win solution. The group that lives in the field by my house on the corner of Church and N Main (1/2 block from the plaza) has multiplied from a few deer, to at least ten. Going out to the car feels like a life n death situation frequently. I hope the problem is dealt with before someone is killed, but I have heard multiple stories of broken bones, injured children and dead animals. Letting the dear continue to propagate, is prolonging and exacerbating a serious problem. Kim Blackm if If anyone succeeds in getting the issue on the Council agenda please post it to this page. It usually takes a while to get on the agenda and it would need hearing status for the Council to take commentary. This Deer issue has been going on for years and the Mayor and the Council have not been willing to do anything about it. The Mayor told me directly they would not because it would upset too many people. I think if they are willing to spend six figures on fake grass they could spend some on deer eradication. It's done all over the Country. I think we need a ballot measure to over ride the Council. Amy Delsman Haptoiistall After hundreds of dollars in vet bills, being told not to leave your house, no, it is not just about vegetation. Both attacks on my senior dog (blind and deaf) occurred in our driveway while she went out to pee. One incident a broken back leg, one a broken foot. This is not normal deer behavior. I have lived here for over 40 years my family over 100 and this was never an issue in the past. It is also not normal for local government to tell you to imprison ourselves in our home by not going out regularly and building 8 ft. fences around our property for the sake of nuisance animals. If we feel we or our property are in danger, we have the right to protect. Amy Delsman Haptoiistall Yes, and the right to shoot the deer if I feel I am in danger or my property ( my dog) is in danger on my property or not. You can't walk through town with an 8 ft fence around you. OFW issues permits to harass the deer, I recommend these permits so they gain back their fear of humans, if it is possible after several generation of urbanized raising. James Sheridan Deer friendlv.aom Communities relying on urban deer culls soon discover that deer respond with increased fertility, having more twins and triplets, and more female fawns that will further increase the deer population the rebound effect in the figure [research support]. Light to moderate hunting, as in many urban culls, does not change the long-run total deer population in an otherwise stable environment. Also, other deer may migrate into the area, although suburban does have very small ranges and migration rates will depend on local factors. A sterile doe will discourage new deer from entering her range. The result of a cull is a future, perpetual negative cash outlay for communities and lots of slaughtered deer. For example, after 10 years of an annual urban cull, the environmental manager for Wilton, Connecticut, concludes "If we harvest 300 a year it could take us maybe seven [more] years... But of course that does not include baby deer." Ellisville, Missouri, suspended its urban archery hunt after a child found an arrow in his yard and the Mayor concluded that the program wasn't working anyway. More Examples of the Perpetual, Annual Deer Cull [Based on presentation to the 2015 International Urban Wildlife Conference] Jule 1 8 at 12:54pm • Like. • 1 J~tnies Shenchiaa Humane society. Com Share October 30, 2013 Controlling Deer Populations Humanely Wildlife fertility control Immunocontraceptives alone can stabilize and reduce deer populations over time. Rick Naugle/ The HSUS Killing programs aimed at reducing deer populations are often controversial, difficult to execute safely in urban and suburban areas, and don't result in long-term population reduction. Wildlife fertility control offers a humane way to manage deer populations where necessary and appropriate. PZP (porcine zona pellucida) is an immunocontraception vaccine that can be used to control fertility in adult female deer and other mammals. Unlike some fertility control vaccines and methods that can cause undesirable behavior changes, PZP simply prevents fertilization from occurring. Most importantly, because PZP is a natural protein, like all other proteins found in animals, it is safe to use and will not harm animals. PZP can be delivered to adult female deer by hand or remotely using darts shot from a dart gun. Recent improvements in the PZP vaccine now prevent deer from having fawns for up to three years with just one treatment. These vaccines significantly reduce the time needed to dart animals and, more importantly, reduce the costs of treating deer. Since the 1990s, The HSUS has conducted several successful PZP immunocontraception research projects on deer. The biggest and most successful have been at Fire Island National Seashore (FINS) in New York, on Fripp Island in South Carolina, and at the National Institute of Standards and Technologies (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Md. Fire Island National Seashore was the The HSUS's original deer study site. The primary goals there were to see how effective PZP was in deer and whether or not more than 200 of them could be darted each year. Both were easily accomplished, but more importantly, we found immunocontraceptives alone could be used to stabilize and reduce a deer population over time. Recent improvements in the PZP vaccine now prevent deer from having fawns for up to three years with just one treatment. The HSUS has also been using PZP to treat the deer population at NIST for 20 years. During this time, the number of deer collisions has dramatically decreased, the remaining deer have become healthier, and the deer population growth rate remains low, despite the fact that urbanization and development around the facility results in constant migration of new deer into the facility's deer population. The immunocontraception study on Fripp Island, S.C., has been the most successful. Over a five- year period, the deer population decreased by nearly 60 percent. In addition, residents of Fripp Island are very pleased by the results, happy to see that the remaining deer population on the island is healthier and causing fewer conflicts. Surgical sterilization Sterilization programs are another option for humanely controlling the population growth of white-tailed deer, and although sometimes cost-prohibitive, recent programs have shown great results. Resources Field testing of immunocontraception on white-tailed deer on Fire Island National Seashore, N.Y. [PDF] Deer-vehicle collision trends at a suburban immunocontraception site [PDF] Eros Salvatore Bring bow and arrow hunting inside Ashland city limits like they do near Washington dc. July 16 at 11:2 1 pm - Unlike • I Erns Salvatore http:''bowhuntin,r~iildfoocl.cf~mlSuburban-anti-eXLirban.../ Suburban and Exurban Bowhuntim-, Rules of Engagement The house I grew up in was the one of two on a mile... bowhuntingwildfood.com July 16 at 1 1:24prn • Like Corvus Woolf I was riding my motorcycle down B st. the other day and saw a deer chasing two older women with dogs. I rode up between them and chased it down the street. One of the women with the dogs told me it did it all the time. Corvus Woolf Thats actually the second deer attack I've stopped. I'm all for living with nature (grew up in alaska), but there is something wrong with these deer Megan Guske Collins I just moved here and I have a group of bucks who regularly graze in the yard. I am happy to see this post because I have also worried about how tame they are. It seems cool right now but these same male deer will soon be in 'rut' and that aggressive behavior will worsen. Thanks for posting this. We should have info and a solution. Alice DiMicele If it was a cougar it would have been shot by now. oe Baraona I want to see a dollar amount representing all the damage that deer do to this town as a result of overpopulation. From the innumerable gardens eaten and trampled, the ticks that end up on our pets (and us), to the cars that they ram into. I seriously think it's time for a run on local venison. Us locals can't stand them, but my neighbor who lives primarily in England but owns a huge house in Ashland, loves to feed them every single day. Katharine Lock~c o0 d Lanky Let's see what the city does when someone is killed by a deer and a lawsuit ensues. Unfortunately it often takes a tragedy before something gets done. Joe Baraona I can't speak for everyone, but there are many of us who would like to see something happen with the deer here, that share the sentiment that "they were here first". So were the Cougars, wolves, and coyote that kept those numbers down. If we're not going to allow the deers natural predators their predation, then it is our job to assume their position. This is evidenced by the unprecedented habitat restoration of Yellowstone since the reintroduction of wolves. Is us or the Cougars, and I'm not even a hunter! Cheryl Miller Birth control darts. No joke. Better than culling. Last summer hemorrhagic virus.... watching dying deer all over town last summer. It was awful. I walk two terriers and constantly harassed by deer! You are right we need to b PROACTIVE Mike Sturgill There is one aggressive mama deer around Elizabeth / Otis / Randy street. Has come at myself with child n small dog plus wife with small dog. Followed me around the block! STATUS DEPORT O 'IHE HASTINGS-ON-HUDSON DEER IMMUNOCON TRACEPTIO STUD 2015 The Humane SocietA,/Tufts team successfully concluded on April 7'b. 201:1, the second tear of a five-Bear stude of the viability of immunocontraception as a mechanism to control the deer population in a dense suburban environment using delayed-release vaccine. It was marked by a substantial improvement over the previous rear"s darting total, with 20 new does darted, in addition to the 8 darted last year. ~Ve have some evidence that the contraceptive is working, and we have now darted enough deer so it should begin to impact the overall numbers of fawns in upcorning years. If the contraceptive works. we vv ould expect to see: at least 7 fearer fawns this year (because the seven sumiving deer of the 8 darted last year should be sterile for the duration of this ;-ear) and 27 fewer next v ear as both the 2014 and 2015 set o deer would both still be rendered infertile. ((Green that some deer tend to have twins, these numbers are conseivatiee.) This drot)-off in faNvn births should be high enough to begin to affect overall deer number`. We expect to continue the pr( ject next year, seeking to dart as inane of the untreated deer as possible. This document describes the results of the Hastings-on-Hudson Deer Inimunocontracept:ion Study for 2015. It provides some back=around, and then describes what happened, what the study group ("Deer Team") learned, what was spent, hole we track our results, what next year will look like, and potential risks to success for the study. Much thanks is clue to the volunteers (including Dan I.,emmns, Melissa Shandroff, Irene Jong and others) who were involved in the effort. Village of Hastings-on-Hudson is working with The Humane Society- of the United States and researchers from the, Cummings School of N'eterinaii, Medicine at Tufts 1v-niversity on a five-- year pr©ject that seeks to control the area's white-tailed deer population with the use of a PZP (porcine zona pellucida) immunocontraceptive vaccine. NVith financial. support from In Defense of Animals (an animal rights organization) and the Humane Societe, the study seeks to deterrrdne whether this hurnane and nonlethal vaccine x ifl substantially 051 lower the birth rats of local does and eventually bring down the eF F 9 011"'k.-IM: population ofv liite-tailed deer. PZP is a natural protein derived ~ from pigs that, when injected into does, provokes an irniriune Background... 1 response that prevents pre -nancy°. The formulation we are using ~ What happened 2 ~ in this study is designed to release the substance over time and. ' Lessons... 4 should prevent pregnancy over a Avo year period. Does would How much was spent 5 need to be re-immunized every two to three years. ~ How we track results 6 tk•'hile prior research with the PZP vaccine has been carried out + A word about Lyme disease...... 7 on islands or contained areas this is the first effort of this sort in Next year 8 a suburban community in this country. f astings-on-fludson has Rroiect Risks 9 examined a range of population-control approaches and decided appendix ...................................10 to pursue imrnunocontraception as a non-lethal and sustainable ~ A: Feeding Locations-... 10 method of reducing the herd, which has groNvii considerable in ~ ~ S: Darted Deer Log 11 ~ recent Bears to untenable levels. The increase in deer numbers osts. 12 has resulted in the destruction of the understory in parks, damage C. to private gardens, vehicular accidents and the spread of Lynne disease. 'I'dle Village ltas , orked with the NeNv York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) to define. the experiment and the DEC' issued a -Permit to Collect or Possess" authori zin(, the study in December 201.3. Under the approved protocols. deer are captured by intntobilizinLy theta with anesthetics delivered via darts. The deer are then ear-tagged, blood-sampled for pregnancy testing., weighed, measured, and adn2itfistered an injection of the PZP vaccine. The darting was carried out by lu,ghly-trained professionals from the IISL'S over an eight p eek period. Treated deer will be monitored for fawns to determine vaccine effectiveness and longevity for two to three years after tttlttal treatment. If the number of w°hite-tailed deer, and their concurrent impact on our envirom-nent. are substantial1v reduced oA er the next .five dears, the Village will seep to moz-e to a regular protocol in which a trained darting, team would shoot the deer directly with darts containing the PZP agent rather than first immobilizing them. In the winter of 2045 the study was broken into two phases: 1. Preparation phase: The Deer Team set up feeding stations around file village, The stations are intended to draw deer to locations where they can be darted more easily. Residents were also solicited for permission. to dart does located on their property,. Finally, the team spent a number of days become acquainted with the location and beha~ri or of the deer prior to the initi ation of darting. 2. Treatment phase: The Deer Team then mewed to darting and treating deer, first in the area of Hillside Woods, and then elsewhere in the cotntnutu'ty. Prcl-wrcxtion Phase Over the course; of several darts in the middle of January, eight feeding stations were placed in a variety of locations, mostly in parks, around the'Village. (`flap of locations is in Appendix A.) These tripod-based feedittg stations hold corn or other feed and dispenses theta based on a schedule entered into an electronic timer built into the base of the hopper. A chute opens beneath the holding bin, dispensing) feed onto a spinning wheel that distributes it in a circle around the feeding: station. Feed can be dispensed up to 8 titres a day at varying quantity. Deer soon- realize: that the feed is being dispensed and often become habituated to the tintitto In most locations, trail cameras were placed near the feedings station, and aimed to capture shots of deer at the stations. 'T'rail cameras are hardy, purpose-desiatted cameras intended to be strapped to a tree and are triggered by the presence of a tmoNing, heat-generating source (e.g. large matsrtn.al). The idea was that the Deer -Team could retrieve photos fiotta the cameras and check to see if and when deer were frequenting a particular feeding station, . Students from Hastings High School fanned out across the corm-nuttihy to secure permission from homeowners to dart steer when obseti ed on their property. '!lost homes were selected based on proxii-ruty to the feeding stations. A total of 320 homeowners provided permission to the Deer 2015 STUDY REPO RT,..w a PAGE 2I' WON- Team to dart deer. Those that gave perrnission in the areas of most active darting had small lime- green Sur Veyor flags placed on their properk so that the field team could see «hen driving by which properties had granted permission to dark deer. Treatfnent Phase The tagging effort operates under strict safety protocols. Deer were only darted at close distances (typically under 50 feet) when there was no risk to people in the line of fire. The deer needed to be struck in the hind quarters for the dart to be most effective, so had to be struck "broadside" while they were stationery, and not head-on or at an oblique angle. The team coordinated with the Hastings Police Department and interacted fi°equently with Trustee Dan Lemons, who was responsible for day-to-day coordination of the effort. The injected PZP is a protein and can be ingested without ill-effect. If ingested it ~ ould be di2ested in the GI tract into constituent amino acids and would have no impact on the individual's personal or reproductive health. Twenty--one adult, female white-tailed deer and one adult male deer were captured using the anesthetics (Telazol and Xylazine) delivered by a self-imecting dart. These barbed darts inject the anesthetic load upon impact and remain attached to the deer. The darted deer typically continues to walk for a few minutes before lying down and losing consciousness; a radiotransmitter in the dart allows the darting team to hang back and avoid disturbing the deer while the drugs take effect, and then quickly locate the dart and the sleeping deer through radiotelemetn. All captured deer were fitted with two yellow indis idually-numbered plastic livestock ear tags. This year, we started with the number "a" and proceeded upwards with each subsequent capture. (In 2014, as one might derive, the team tagged does #1 through #8.) These tags are placed for several reasons: first, tagging alloys us to identifylrzch deer have been treated so it is not repeated. This is a scientific stud- and individual deer are being tracked to see how they do from Near to rear. Next gear, we will not re-treat the deer to aed this year, and since the Deer Team only darts from less than 50 feet and the tags are sizeable and the numbers clearly visible, the Team member will be able to determine whether a deer requires a new treatment. The tags provide information about who to call if the deer is found dead so we can track mortality in that fashion as well. Each deer has a tag placed in each ear so it can be observed from either side and also because they can occasionally tear off when snagged, and redundancy irnproves the chance that at least one tag suit ives (though as we found out, there is no guarantee against the loss of both tags). The "backup" tag is a small disc that does not protrude from the ear and therefor is much less likely to detach. Twenty of the 21 female deer were hand-injected XNith the PZP immuno-contraceptive. The one deer that was not treated had healed injuries on both ears that indicated she had lost ear tags, and was believed to have been the doe originally tagged "#7", darted in 2014. She was provided with new, numbered tags but not injected with contraceptives. All does had blood taken for pregnancy tests, s anous measurements made, and weighed. All does other than the suspected -_7 were found to be pregna ft. #7 was not, which was a positive indication that the immunocontraceptive had worked. One buck was accidentally darted and it was tagged (#13) as well. He was not injected «-ith the immunocontraceptive, which works specifically on does. Because bucks lose their antlers early- in the winter, it can sometimes be difficult to discriminate between females and smaller males 2015 STUDY REPORT' PAGE 3 during winter. Hence the possibility that a few bucks would be darted was included in the NI'SDEC peInit. All deer recovered from the anesthesia under continual observation, typically in 1- 1.5 hours, and walked away from their treatment site under their own power. four other deer were struck by the anesthetic darts but ran off and were not found and not treated. The darts were not recovered in those cases, evert though they have radio transmitters in them that normally allow for them to be tracked. In the unlikely event that a resident encounters such a dart, they are encouraged to turn it over to the Police Department. Since the darts have likely delivered their anesthetic load, and the substances quickly decays over time and become inert an-vwav, they pose no exceptional risk other than requiring the normal careful handling any device with a one-inch needle would. By the close of the 2015 darting season, 27 tagged and PZP-treated adult female deer survived on site. Dr. Rutberg estimates that this represents about half the adult female deer whose home ranges lie principally in the Village of Hastings-on-Hudson. (More later on how we intend to count deer.) We have observed additional female deer that graze in Hastings-ors-Hudson part of the time, especially entering Hillside Woods from the north from Dobbs Felly, and from the Andrus School which occupies a parcel comprising both Hastings-on-Hudson and the City of Yonkers to the south. However, we have not observed any evidence of broad movements of female deer on or off the site: all previously tagged does from the winter- of 2014 (2-$} were all re-sighted during the ;winter- of N15 bN the Deer Team 4 ithrn Iastings, quite close to where thev were originally tagged. (Doe #1, an exception, was reported to the'DEC as killed by a hunter just north of Dobbs last surmner, a little over a mile from where it was originally tagged.) The severity of the winter of 2015 was once again a challenge, and as a result we plan to modify our pl ans for ne xt year by confining the. darting to March and earl;:- April. Another challenge for the Deer Team was the difficult- of darting in a dense suburb like ours. There is substantial activity evenwhere, and at all times of the day, that disturb the cheer and frequently make safe darting impossible. Cuff-leash dogs were a particular problem at all hours of the day, especially- in the parks. The deer are quite sensitive to human activity-, and will quickly flee N~ hcn approached. +;In a previous conununity where a similar study was carried out, fire Island, deer- are extremely docile and even trained to accept food from your hands. That is not the case here.) Deer are extremely perceptive of human intent and activity, and can tell the difference between a disinterested resident strolling out of their- home and someone who is closely monitoring them. There are also a number of areas in the Village where it is difficult or unsafe to capture deer. These included steep ridges adjacent to the Saw Xlill River Parkway on the east side of the yV illaae, Zinsser Park, which is sandwiched between U. S. Route q and the Croton .=aqueduct trail in the northeast corner of the village, and the Andrus School on the - Village's south boundary. 2015 STUDY PaEP()FZT - -.a._,.~.,..~.:.~._ .V,p.. PAGE 4 Greater knowledi~,e of the movement of deer in and out of these areas should help us capture and treat at least some of them in 2016. (If we should conclude the study successfully and decide to move to a model where deer are darted directly- with contracepti -s. It will be, much easier to administer than ha-vin to immobilize and capture them first.) tit= e darted sufficient deer to develop the confidence that we are capturing; enough to make a difference to numbers. We plan to continue the study next year. This of ojl, as mentioned, is a cooperative project witli the Humane Societe of the United States and Tufts University. They provide personnel and some expenses, and we cover the rest. (The particulars have been spelled out in a partnership agreement signed by the humane Society and the Village.) The tillage has spent $1:3,724.69 so far on this year's effort. A third of these costs were unexpected extraordinary costs f'or field cameras that we plan to utilize in subsequent years for population verification (more on this later in the document) and will not reoccur, and the majority of the remaining went for rent. of a house to lodge the. Beer Team for the two month period. We realized a substantial savings on a per diem and per person basis over last year, where we had to house two professionals in local hotels. Ibis year, we had a team of four plus a supervisor that was ftequently in town and stayed at the house as well. (The housing came to about S35/clay a person ~Nhich is approximately 251% of what local hotel fares run.) \N'e still expect a bill from the Humane Society for expenses incutTed by the team during the two month period. and a. SC, 000 donation from the In. Defense of Animals, the second half of a two- ear grant they provided us. It would appear- that this year's final expenses, after reimbursement of the avant. will be in. the vicinity of $12,000. This will be. 200," more than last year Nyhen the total expenses were S9,606.07. We have, lro~~Tever doubled the field team and almost doubled the amount of time they were on the ground in the tillage and thus this represents a small increase in the overall cost. We expect next year's expenses to be lower as the work will be likely confined to less than two months. We expect to rent housing in the same price range on a monthly basis. We will be applying for as SIOK grant whicli we hope will offset next year's costs so that our out-of-pocket expenses next year should be well under Sl0,t 10,000, As a point of conrpari-son, Cayuga Heights, NY, spent $150,000 in the first year of its deer surgical sterilization program. It is too early to know which approach is more effective, but clearly our investment in deer inrmuraocontraception is relatively low. 2015 STUDY REPORT PAGE 5 An important part of the himiunocontraception Study is tracking a range of metrics we are using to verify the results of the effort. We have already- rolled out two metric tracking methods (the v "Host a -lost a" study and a website for tracking observations). `Iwo more are being rolled out this summer. Host cx Ito t t Property damage is one of the most significant impacts that deer have on our Village. Just about anyone with a garden knows that certain plants (e.g. tulips) will typically never survive to glowering before being consumed by deer. Relying on anecdotal reports of property damage, however, is statistically- useless. Modeling, on a protocol. established on the Cornell UniversitA, campus (the '-Oak Seedling Sentinel protocol"), we decided to deploy hostas throughout the community as a standardized way to track deer depredation in gardens. Irene Jong, the resident who has volunteer-.(] to coordinate this effort, identified fifty volunteer homes to take a potted hosta. Each year, we will track how mane (and which ones) survive. In theory, as the number of deer drop off, more hostas should survive the season. 11fis is a scientifical1v fiaorous way of tracking deer impact on private property. Since we do not expect to see a significant decline in the deer population foi- a few years. we are still acquiring baseline data. On-line Trock7)7,g We have developed a website for looging, deer sightings that's used bt:` approximately fort- residents who enter their deer encounters. The site, developed t?y a local resident, Richard Ryan, tracks a range of factors about the deer. A Google Nlaps utility, developed by a local student:, Jordan. Mligood, reads this data and creates "heat iriaps " displaying NN-here the greatest numbers of sightings are occurring. This year, we, hope to use the deer-logging site to help the Veer Team track the movements of tagged females, and determine which females have fawns with then. F,xclos.- res One of the b1ggest impacts of deer on our shared environment is the wholesale destruction of the understory in [lie Village parks. Deer are ecosystem engineers. The parks used to have dense bramble and vegetation twenty years ag:o at ground level. A diversity- of species lived in this understory, and the next generation of trees were nurtured there. The deer have chewed down anything native from six feet high (as far as they can reach) down - so it is possible to see most of the way through the woods. Jbis is neither normal nor healthy for the woods - the next generation of trees is consumed before they ever mature, and a whole ecology of species that existed in the understory is gone. Ifthe deer population is lowered, we may see some of this vital portion of our shared environment restored as ground-cover plants, tree seedlings and animal species sug\4ve and thrive. To track this, we established two exclosures (fenced areas that keep deer out) where we will track the return of native species to see what would happen if the deer were reduced in number. iNV have also staked out several plots next to the exclosures, that remain at.cessible to deer, and will count species there every year - and see if the numbers change over the course of the 2 015 STUDYREPO R'T' PAGE 6 experiment. 11ais effort is being run by teacher Melissa Shandroff, who teaches the ;Advanced Placement F'.,.nviromnental `science class in the high School. She received a grant from the Hastings Education Foundation to establish an exclosure where native plants will be actively cultivated. We are xvorking Zvi th Ms. Shandroff and her students to extend that stud- so that enclosures will specifically track how forest regrowth would happen, and how species _regeneration (or not) is actually happening. We have managed to integrate this effort into a larger one being run by several em4ronstaental organizations in the, Hudson Valley and we will be using their sampling protocols. This is a hugely exciting effort as we engage students in a scientifically valid and important region-wide effort that will tell us much about the current state of the Brest as well as the success of the program. Since this study will tun for five years, scores of students will have the opportunity to participate in honest-to-God real research, a splendid example of what is called "citizen science". Camera Tral.zs We need to know how many deer there are to know whether our efforts have worked to bring their numbers down. In the end, the best statistically valid way to count deer is to systematically photograph them and then, through statistical methods, analyze the photos taken and come up with a total. This is done by deploying what are called "camera traps" which are specially- designed cameras that are heat- and 7novernent-sensitise and automatically triggered when a warm bode passes within ten yards of their lens. These cameras are strapped to trees for a month and photograph every single creature that passes before them. The photos are then downloaded and analyzed. Seventeen cameras were deployed last year in a grid around town (largely in park areas, but also on some private property where we would secure permission) and the results are still being. analyzed. A Pace L nivet.sitv graduate student, Claris Johnson, is using well- established protocols to determine to withita a 5Q margin of error hose many deer reside here. He is being overseen by Mark Weckel, who is an expert on this topic and has run camera traps in a number of projects. We will need to do this every year for the duration of the project, and this will provide us with the most important benchmark- of all: have we managed to cut the number of deer down over a five year terms. (Photos ofanything other than deer are discarded, FYI...) It is important to note that while we want to track deer numbers, the key indicators of success are the reduction in deer impacts like deer-vehicle collisions and habitat destruction. Lvme disease- is a very real scourge in Hastings (and the region We believe it has infected hundreds of residents, some repeatedly, and some ven, seriously, resulting in. debilitating and even crippling injury. 'hite-tail deer are intimately itavoh,-ed in the. complex environmental loop that infects the ticks that bear Lyrrake disease. "There is little question that as deer have recolonized areas, Lyme disease has spread as well. There is also evidence that once Lynte disease is endemic in an environttaent, it is ery difficult to eradicate, though them.: have been a fey cases where this was managed. 2015 STUDY REPORT PAGE 7 While there is also evidence that a significant drop in (leer- numbers may lead to a drop in Lyme disease cases, this is vets- difficult to track or prove and therefore it is not a part of the metrics in this study. Lyme is not a disease that the government mandates to be reported to a central database like those rurr bv the CDC (Center for Disease Control.). An individual is diagnosed at a doctor and treated there, with no reporting: necessary. Residents use doctors throughout the metropolitan region and it would be almost impossible f€tr the Beer Team to gather mearting,ful statistics that would shoe a. drop in. Lyme disease incidence over time.. As a result, while we have some reason to believe that should deer numbers drop significantly there may be a concurrent easing-, of Lyme disease in. Hastings. we are, not stating this as a formal objective of the project or a criteria of success. We continue to refine our procedures, and will be seeking to leverage off this Fears' successes. We will rely on. two darting tearns working independently over the, course of anywhere between 4 and 6 weeks, depending: upon results. We will seek permission from as many houses as possible to maximize the freedom. for our darting tearns. This permission is likely to be gathered via email and door-to-door solicitation. As I have emphasized on czI-ery occasion this pi-Qject is discussed, this is a scientific study that seeks to determine the efficacy of this particular method of deer population control. Based on the results of the study, we z-k ll then determine if it would snake sense, for us to continue on an ongoing basis. 'there is no guarantee of success. But, if indeed we are successful, the Village can be rightfully proud of providing a significant tool to the hundreds of communities just like ours that suffer this problem. Westchester County recently held an all-day symposium on mina"ing the (leer population and from the presentation mad` it was clear that methods being tried north of Rt. 287 are not possible and will not work south of 287. I)r. Rutberg was a presenter at the symposium and Ilan Lemons participated in a panel. Nlany eyes are on Hastings because we are the only community piloting an approach that holds promise in suburban environments with dense human populations. It will be a number of years until we know if the promise of intmuno-contraceptive control is fulfilled, but even in the more rural parts of the county where calling and hunting are being used as management tools, there is no certairw.y of success. One of the conclusions coming from the symposium was that the Westchester (leer population explosion is a direct result of the way humans have altered the environment, and it will not be easily or rapidly re-versed, no matter what methods are utilized. 2015 STUDY REPORT PAGE 8 Any well-run project should be clear-eyed about the immediate and long-terra risks to its successful implementation. This is no different. We believe the following risks are the most significant to the project. Execution Risk: The Deer Tearn is unable to dart sufficient deer to impact long-term numbers meaningfully. This can occur because the deer are either inaccessible, excessively fearful of humans, or other reasons. This has been somewhat SUCCeS41111y addressed over the last year by refining the strategies used to attract deer to feeding stations and then treat them correctly. Immigration Risk: 'Mis is the primary risk- of the project, and what this experiment seeks to answer. Can population numbers of deer be more rapidly suppressed through inununocontraception than are replaced by deer ininu rating from neighboring Faomriiurrities'1 Deer are relatively stable in their ranges, and only expand into new areas at a typically slow pace: it took thom more than a century to return to Westchester after the last deer was killed near Sing Sing: in 1861, arriving from slowly rebounding population redoubts located to the north and northwest. Dire project may suppress a hundred fawns from being; born in a given year, but NN°e cannot have a hundred new deer from surrounding cornmuruties coming in to fill the vacuaun. We do not have enough data yet to know if this risk is fatal to the pr(,ject yet, and that will only come over many years. Sustainabilitv Risk: 7.71re study is over a 5-year term and staffed by external darting teams: ultimately, if it is to become an ongoing method of deer population cotatrolo it must be sustained locally. It is not clear that the effort to directly dart deer with PZP can be sustained locally using trained residents. Will we be able to idetrtif , enough volunteers or will we have to rely on paid professionals? 'While this risk is several years out, it is probably the most serious risk to longer- term implementation. f 2015 STUDY REPORT „`...0.~..~,.~,._.a..,..._._.~_~.W.._,.~._. PAGE 9 ?ssryti. F- Feeding station location X-- Additional darting locations 6 2015 STLi nZj REPORT - - ...,..A.~.o.~..~ PAGE 10 Tag # Date Captured Capture Location Estimated weight Physical Hind-Foot Age (Kg) Condition Length (cm 0 ? %r7()1 S C:hernka Pool Feeder- Ad 40 Good 1,7 10 2 8120iS Chenrka Pool Fender Ad 44 f Good 47 11 2/12/2015 Forest`Floral Feeder Ad S2 Excellent 46 12 ?/12/2015 Lincoln & Mt. Hope Ad 61 ; Excellent 46 13 2/18/2015 Andrus Senior Home Feeder Ad 42 Excellent 45 ;i I, 2015 Fo t`Floral Fe-der Ad 1" Good 45 15 x'2015 Forest'Floral Feeder 48 Excellent 48 16 316,'2015 Hastings Trail/Kings Woods 3 60 Excellent 45 1? 318!2015 Pulver Woods Feeder 5 80 Excellent 49 18 311.022015 Amherst House 2.5 S4 Goad 46 _ ~ t Good, 10 3`1 ~'x;115 -.rirlrerst Hot?t:e 4.5 , 20 3f'11/2) 015 Hastings Trail/Kings Woods 6 60 Good 46 21 3'912015 Forest''Floral Feeder ? Good 45 22 3f2312015 Femdale Feeder 5 52 Good 45 23 3/23112015 Ferndale Feeder 2.5 Good 4' 4 = ' ? !1 ? r, ncoln Street Ad Good 9 25 3/30!2015 Burke Estate Feeder 2 40 Good 44 26 3/31:2015 Burke Estate Feeder Ad Good 2? 31111 12015 Lincoln Street 2.5 60 Good 45 28 3,119/2015 ChernkaPool Feeder 3.5 48 Good 45 3,20'm01S s Hastings Trail.'Kings't %ood> 5.? eiCi i xcellent 18 30 413/"015 Ferndale Feeder Ad Excellent 4? Z01SSTuD1'REPORT ..~....~,~.~.~u.,,.....~....,...___m., PAGE 11 r L x 3" 3- . DEER I j 1\,jtT 0C0NTRACEPTI0N COSTS Account Code A8020461 DATE VENDOR DESCRIPTION A-\ INT 19-Aug-14 Reconyx Cameras 7 Trail Cameras plus 3499.36 memory chips and batteries 12-Dec-14 Christopher Johnson IvEleage reimbursement for $725.33 cost of camera surve 2-Feb-15 Berner & Klein House rental for one month $4750.00 1-Mar-15 Berner & Klein House rental for one month $4750.00 i s i TOTAL - $13724.69 2015 STUDY REPORT. PAVE 12 httt)NNNx,, w.hastinL,s,gov.or~ Pages;HastingsNY Documents 021.3 S74-OOOF8513 downloaded and printed : July, 6, 2015