HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016-0314 Documents Submitted at the Meeting
ORDINANCE NO.
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING ASHLAND MUNICIPAL
CODE CHAPTER 10.110 FAIR HOUSING
Annotated to show deletions and additions to the code sections being modified. Deletions are
bold lined throu-gh and additions are bold underlined.
WHEREAS, Article 2. Section 1 of the Ashland City Charter provides:
Powers of the City. The City shall have all powers which the constitutions, statutes, and
common law of the United States and of this State expressly or impliedly grant or allow
municipalities, as fully as though this Charter specifically enumerated each of those
powers, as well as all powers not inconsistent with the foregoing; and, in addition thereto,
shall possess all powers hereinafter specifically granted. All the authority thereof shall
have perpetual succession.
WHEREAS, the above referenced grant of power has been interpreted as affording all
legislative powers home rule constitutional provisions reserved to Oregon Cities. City of
Beaverton v International Ass'n of Firefighters, Local 1660, Beaverton Shop 20 Or. App. 293;
531 P 2d 730, 734 (1975); and
WHEREAS, the City of Ashland contracted with the Fair Housing Council of Oregon to
complete and Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice which recommended that the
City undertake an update of the Fair Housing Ordinance, and
WHEREAS, the City of Ashland Housing Commission considered the above-referenced
recommendation and finalized the recommended amendments to the Ashland Municipal Code at
a duly advertised public hearing on August 22, 2012 and following deliberations recommended
approval of the amendments to the City Council on October 16, 2012.
THE PEOPLE OF THE CITY OF ASHLAND DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. AMC Chapter 10.110 Fair Housing is hereby amended to read as follows:
SECTION 10.110.010 Declaration of Policy.
It is hereby declared to be the policy of Ashland, Oregon, in the exercise of its poliey police
power for the public safety, public health, and general welfare to assure equal opportunity to all
1i 111
persons to live in decent housing facilities rehn s of rac°, colef, religioil, sex, ~A sexi
orientation, gender v disability, status,
or familial and, to that end, to prohibit discrimination in housing by any persons. (Ord. 2746, 1994)
Ordinance No. Page 1 of 6
SECTION 10.110.020 Definitions.
When used herein:
A. "Real property" includes buildings, structures, lands, tenements, leaseholds, cooperatives
and condominiums.
B. "Discrimination" or "discriminatory housing_ practice" means any difference in treatment
based upon race, color, religion, awe, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, source of
income, disability, familial status, or domestic partnership status; or any act that is
unlawful under this ordinance. (Ord. 2713, 1993)
C. "Person" includes individuals, children, firms, associations, joint adventures,
partnerships, estates, trusts, business trusts, syndicates, fiduciaries, corporations and all
other groups or combinations.
D. "Owner" includes a lessee, sublessee, co-tenant, assignee managing agent or other person
having the right of ownership or possession, or the right to sell, rent or lease any housing
accommodation.
E. "Financial Institution" includes any person, as defined herein, engaged in the business of
lending money or guaranteeing losses.
F. "Housing accommodation" or "Dwelling" means any building, mobile home or trailer,
structure, or portion thereof which is occupied as, or designed, or intended for occupancy,
as, a residence by one or more families, and any vacant land which is offered for sale or
lease for the construction or location thereon of any such building, mobile home or
trailer, structure, or portion thereof or any real property, as defined herein, used or
intended to be used for any of the purposes set forth in this subsection.
G. "Open market" means the market comprised of members of the general public who
become informed of the availability for sale, purchase, rental or lease to members of the
general public of any housing accommodation, whether informed through a real estate
broker or by advertising by publication, signs or by any other advertising methods
directed to the public or any portion thereof.
H. "Older Person" A person of age fifty-five (55) or older.
1. "Familial" means a relationship between one or more individuals who have not attained
18 years of age and an adult with whom the individual(s) is (are) domiciled and who is
(1) a parent or person having legal custody of the individual(s), or (2) an adult to whom
such parent or person having such custody has given written permission to provide
housing for the individual(s). "Familial" also includes the characteristic of being an
individual, regardless of age or domicile, who is pregnant or is in the process of securing
legal custody of an individual who has not attained 18 years of age.
J. "Disability" means a physical or mental impairment which substantially limits one or
more major life activities. "Disability" includes having a record of such an impairment or
being regarded as having such an impairment
K. "Sexual orientation" means attraction to or selection of a sexual partner according to
gender. "Sexual orientation" includes having a history of that attraction or selection, or
being identified with that attraction or selection. "Sexual orientation" is limited to
heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality.
L. "Source of Income" means the type of financial resources a person uses to support
himself or herself and his or her dependents, including but not limited to money and
property from any occupation, profession or activity, from any contract, settlement or
agreement, from federal or state payments, 14rants, scholarships, loans, Federal Student
Ordinance No. Page 2 of 6
Aid, Social Security benefits, Section 8 housing choice voucher assistance, court
ordered payments, gifts, bequests, annuities, life insurance policies, pensions, retirement
savings, and compensation for illness or injury. , but exel ding any none of property
Source of income does not include income derived from a specific occupation or
income derived in a manner made illegal or criminal by any statute or ordinance.
M. "Gender Identity" means a person's actual or perceived sex, including a person's,
appearance, expression or behavior, whether or not that identity, appearance, expression or
behavior is different from that traditionally associated with the person's sex at birth.
N. "Fair Housing Officer" means the City Attorney or designee who will serve as the
designated Fair Housing Officer.
0. "National Origin" means a person's country of birth or ancestry.
P. "Age" means having the characteristic of being 18 years of age or older; except that
for purposes of section 10.110.040 B (1), "age" also means the characteristic of having
received a decree of emancipation from the State of Oregon pursuant to ORS 419B.552.
Q. "Domestic partnership" means a relationship between two persons who meet the
following requirements: live as a family in a relationship of mutual support, caring and
commitment, and intend to remain in such a relationship; neither is married or the
domestic partner of any other person; are each 18 years of age or older; are not related
by blood kinship closer than would bar marriage in the state of Oregon; and are
mentally competent to consent to contract. Domestic partnership shall also be
demonstrated by having registered, certified or affirmed the relationship with any
appropriate, legally established registry with substantially similar criteria within any
jurisdiction in the United States.
SECTION 10.110.030 Unlawful Practices.
In connection with any of the transactions set forth in this section which affect any housing
accommodation in the open market, or in connection with any public sale, rental or lease of any
housing accommodation, it shall be unlawful within the City of Ashland for a person, owner,
financial institution, real estate broker or real estate salesman, or any representative of the above,
to:
A. Refuse to sell, rent or lease, or deny to or withhold any housing accommodation from a
person because of race, color, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity,
national origin, source of income, , disability, familial status or domestic partnership
status; or
B. Discriminate against a person in the terms, conditions or privileges of the sale, rental or
lease of any housing accommodation, or in the furnishing of facilities of services in
connection therewith; or
C. Represent to a person that any housing accommodation is not available for inspection,
sale, rental or lease when in fact it is so available, or to refuse to permit a person to
inspect any housing accommodation on the open market because of race, color, religion,
age_, or national origin, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, source of
income, familial status or domestic partnership status; or
D. Make, publish, pfint, eifeulate, post-o~il, of cause to be niade, published, >
mailed, circulated, posted or any notiee, statement of >
sale, PACY, Or Sign Of use a f6fm of application for the rental, lease of financing of any
Ordinance No. Page 3 of 6
Sale, LLe-ntal, leaS@-Of fiflaHeifig Of an 'hOtls ng ncee oda , whie indicates afl dices rimin do Or- n intent to Make n dicnrimirlntio
E. Retaliate or discriminate in any manner against a person because that person has opposed
a practice declared unlawful by this article, or because that person has filed a complaint,
testified, assisted or participated in any manner in any investigation, proceeding, hearing
or conference under this ordinance; or
F. Inquire into the sexual orientation of a purchaser, renter, or lessee, or prospective
purchaser, renter or lessee. (Ord. 2746, 1994)
G. Refuse to permit, at the expense of the a person with disabilities, reasonable
modifications of existing premises occupied or to be occupied by such person if such
modifications may be necessary to afford such person full enjoyment of the
premises, except that, in the case of a rental, the landlord may where it is
reasonable to do so condition permission for a modification on the renter agreeing
to restore the interior of the premises to the condition that existed before the
modification, reasonable wear and tear excepted.
SECTION 10.110.040 Exemptions.
A. This ordinance shall not apply to:
1. A religious organization, association, or society or any nonprofit institution or
organization operating, supervised, or controlled by or in conjunction with a religious
organization, association, or society, which limits the sale, rental, or occupancy, of
dwellings which it owns or operates for other than commercial purposes to persons of the
same religion, or which gives preference to such persons, unless membership in such a
religion is restricted on account of race, color, ate, sex, sexual orientation, gender
identity, national origin, disability, familial status, or domestic partner status.
2. A private club not open to the public, which incident to its primary purpose or purposes,
provides lodgings which it owns or operates for other than a commercial purpose, and
which limits the rental or occupancy of such lodgings to its members or gives preference
to its members.
3. The leasing or renting of a room or rooms within an individual living unit which is
occupied by the lessor as his or her primary residence.
B. The requirements of this ordinance on prohibition of discrimination on the basis of familial
status shall not apply to:
1. Dwellings provided under any State or Federal program specifically designed to assist
older persons, or to dwellings in bona fide retirement communities designed and operated
for older persons or dwellings otherwise intended and operated exclusively for older
persons, equipped with facilities specifically designed for the physical and social needs of
such persons.
2. Applicability of reasonable local, State, or Federal restrictions regarding the maximum
number of occupants permitted to occupy a dwelling unit.
3. Any housing provided, owned or operated by the State or Federal Government.
4. Any h i - it of less than four hundred (400) square feet gross floor area-.
C. The prohibitions in section 10.110.020 against discrimination on the basis of sexual
orientation and gender identity do not apply to;
1. The leasing or renting of a room or rooms within an individual living unit which is
occupied by the lessor as his or her residence.
Ordinance No. Page 4 of 6
2. The leasing or renting of a room or rooms within individual units where one of the
units is owner occupied;
3. Space within a church, temple, synagogue, religious school, or other facility used
primarily for religious purposes.
D. The prohibitions in section 10.011.020 against discriminating on the basis of source of
income do not prohibit:
1. Inquiry into and verification of a source or amount of income;
2. Inquiry into, evaluation of, and decisions based on the amount, stability, security or
creditworthiness of any source of income;
3. Screening prospective purchasers and tenants on bases not specifically prohibited
by this chapter or state or federal law;
4. Refusal to eontraet with a governmental ageney under 42 U.S.C. 1437f(a) "See
8".
E. The prohibitions in section 10.011.020 against discriminating on the basis of gender
identity do not prohibit:
1. Health or athletic clubs or other entities that operate gender-specific facilities
involving public nudity such as showers and locker rooms, from requiring an individual
to document their gender or transitional status. Such documentation can include but is
not limited to a court order, letter from a physician, birth certificate, passport, or driver's
license.
SECTION 10.110.050 Procedures.
Any person aggrieved by an unlawful practice prohibited by this ordinance may file a complaint
with the Fair Housing Officer no more than one year after the alleged unlawful practice occurred.
The Fair Housing Officer or a duly authorized representative shall investigate each complaint
and attempt to resolve each complaint. Failure to achieve a resolution acceptable to both parties
and compliance with this ordinance shall cause the Fair Housing Officer to forward the
complaint and findings to appropriate state and federal officials.
SECTION 10.110.060 Enforcement and Administration.
A. The provisions of this section are in addition to state and federal law, nothing in this section
precludes complainants from pursuing other remedies available under any appropriate
government agency or under the statutes and procedures established in ORS Chapter 659A.
B. Any person claiming to be aggrieved by an unlawful discriminatory act under the provisions
of this code shall have a cause of action in any court of competent jurisdiction for damages and
such other remedies as may be appropriate. Election of remedies and other procedural issues
relating to the interplay between administrative proceedings and private rights of action shall be
handled as provided for in ORS 659A.870. 659A. 885 and 659A. 890. The court may grant such
relief as it deems appropriate, including but not limited to such relief as is provided in ORS
659A.885.
SECTION 10.110.070 Penalties.
Any person violating or causing the violation of any provision of this ordinance has
committed an infraction, and, upon conviction thereof, is punishable as prescribed in
Section 1 08 020 of the Ashland Municipal Code. Such person is guilty of a separate
violation for each and every day the violation continues.
Ordinance No. Page 5 of 6
SECTION 10.110.080 Severability of invalid provisions.
In case any one or more of the sections, subsections, clauses, or provisions of this ordinance, or
the application of such sections, subsections, clauses or provisions to any situations,
circumstances, or person, shall for any reason be held to be unconstitutional or invalid, such
unconstitutionality or invalidity shall not affect any other sections or provisions of this ordinance
or the application of such sections, subsections, clauses or provisions to any other situation,
circumstance or person, and it is intended that this ordinance shall be constructed and applied as
if such had not been included in this ordinance. (Ord. 2527, 1989; Ord. 2713, 1993)
SECTION 2. Codification. Provisions of this Ordinance shall be incorporated in the City Code,
and the word "ordinance" may be changed to "code", `'article", "section", or another word, and
the sections of this Ordinance may be renumbered or re-lettered, provided however, that any
Whereas clauses and boilerplate provisions (i. e., Sections 2) need not be codified, and the City
Recorder is authorized to correct any cross-references and any typographical errors.
The foregoing ordinance was first read by title only in accordance with Article X,
Section 2(C) of the City Charter on the day of 12016,
and duly PASSED and ADOPTED this day of , 2016.
Barbara M. Christensen, City Recorder
SIGNED and APPROVED this day of , 2012.
John Stromberg, Mayor
Reviewed as to form:
David H. Lohman, City Attorney
Ordinance No. Page 6 of 6
RenXer Rights n
Responsibilities
hat you need know as
student tenant
Hello everyone! My name is and I'm the (position). Todaywe'II
be talking a bit about what you need to know when lookingfor an off-campus rental
unit, including: state tenant law, renter's rights and responsibilities here in Oregon,
the current laws in place regarding protected classes of renters, and how these laws
affect us as students in our community.
1
Looking for housing?
Protected classes
( --'r ,l crit rk-1
Many cities in Oregon are currently goingthrough housing crises, meaning that there
simply is not enough housing available that is affordable enough for many people and
families to be able to access. Certain communities are more affected by this than
others, and this means that landlords need to be careful when screening prospective
tenants. When you or anyone is lookingfor a place to rent, you need to be aware of
how the federal, state, and local law applies to property owners as well as yourself.
-Landlords or property companies looking through applications need to take into
account the currently protected classes of tenants. You may be protected by federal,
state or local laws that shelter certain categories of people from being discriminated
against when it comes to renting, buying or financing a home. Federal law protects
you from being discriminated againstfor your race, color, national origin, religion, sex,
family status and physical or mental disability. Oregon law also forbids these kinds of
discrimination. In addition, Oregon lawforbids discrimination based on your marital
status, sexual orientation, the source of your income, the fact that you are a victim of
domestic violence, sexual assault or stalking, or the fact that you have won an
eviction case brought by a former landlord. State law also makes clear that housing
discrimination is unlawful whether it is deliberate and intentional or has the effect -
intentional or not- of having a greater or `disparate' impact on people who are in a
protected group. In most cases, neither federal nor state housing law protects people
from discrimination based on age if the person being discriminated against is 18 years
or older.
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-Housing providers are allowed to set rental criteria and make reasonable rules for
their tenants. However, they are not allowed to apply criteria or rules that would be
unfair to a person who is a member of one of the categories described earlier.
Therefore, it is illegal to do any of the following to a protected group member:
• refuse to provide the opportunity to rent or buy;
refuse to negotiate a rental or purchase;
lie about the availability of housing;
treat an individual differently concerning the terms, conditions or privileges
of sale or rental in providing services;
• make statements or advertise about intending to exclude certain protected
categories of people;
• evict or attempt to evict, or harass, intimidate or threaten the individual, a
guest, or a member of that person's household.
It should also be noted that:
• As of Jan. 1, 2014, it is illegal to refuse to rentto a tenant because of a
previous arrest, certain kinds of criminal convictions, or an eviction that
happened more than five years earlier.
• As of July 1, 2014, it is unlawful to refuse to rent to prospective tenants for
the reason that they have a Section 8 voucher or another form of housing
assistance.
-Reasonable rules established by the property owner should be
laid out before a formal relationship is established. For example:
A housing provider may establish reasonable occupancy limits. Landlords may set
reasonable rules about the behavior of tenants, butthose rules cannot single out
children for restrictions that do not apply also to adults. Reasonable rules about
behavior and guests should also be communicated clearly (i.e. rules about having
gatherings and how long a guest can stay without being on the lease.)
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Place to
Finding
• Credit Checks
What's on it?
* Tenant g Services
r paying an app/screening fee
Screening disclosure
Reservation Deposit
Written terms
As you go about the process of looking for a unit to rent you need to be aware of
what you should expect the property to request of and from you.
-The first of these is a credit check. Landlords use these to determine whether or not
you'll be a dependable tenant by checking to see if you have paid your bills on time in
the past. This information comes directly from credit repo rtingagencies who gather
information on your file from the last ten years. This credit report includes personal
information about you, your past residences, former employers, your job and income,
information aboutyour spouse, dates on which you open credit accounts, your
requests for loans, how often you pay loan payments in full and on time, any limits on
your credit accounts, and any bankruptcies, lawsuits or repossessions you've gone
through.
• You of course have access to this information as well, after all, it is yours!
You're entitled to request a copy of your credit report once every year from
each agency without it affecting your score. Wewill providethe resource
that has this contact for you at the end of the presentation.
• If you know that there is something on your credit reportthat could
potentially negatively affect your chances of being able to renta unit, you
can submit a letter of personal explanation at the time of application, and
you can dispute any items you think shouldn't be there with the entity that
has put it on your file.
3
-Tenant screening services are similar to credit checks, but go beyond that score. They
also have access to court databases to look at any evictions, divorces, or other small
claims court activity you've gone through. A landlord then uses this information to
determine whether or not they'll accept a tenant.
• This will of course cost a fee (from you.) Your landlord must provide
prospective tenants with a list of their screening criteria beforethe fee is
charged, that way the person applying will know if their attempt to apply is
even worth while. If this list is not provided, ask for oneto make sure you'll
pass the criteria. Be honest with the property owner up front, and if you
have anything adverse listed that you think goes against a criterion the
landlord lays out, ask if you can provide a personal explanation, and the
owner may still let you live there.
• Note that it is legal for a landlord for reject a tenant if they have been
evicted within the past five years. Anything beyond that does not reflect on
them.
-Processing these checks costs fees so a landlord will charge an application fee. They
cannot charge you a fee, though, unless they give written notice of their admission
criteria, your rightto dispute any information found from those checks, the process
that the landlord follows for screening, whether they use credit reports, public
records, a tenant screening company, or what employers or former landlords they
contact for reference, and this written notice must also include a breakdown of the
cost of the process.
-Once you'vegone through the process, if you've met the tenant criteria, you could
be asked to pay a reservation deposit. This is exactly what it sounds like, you pay a
small fee to the landlord so they can be sureyou will actually want to rentthe unit,
and they will preparethe unitfor rental. This deposit should either be refunded when
you sign the rental agreement, either by applying it to the security deposit or first
month's rent, or by giving you a cash or check refund. This should be laid out in the
signed agreement. If you end up not signing the agreement, the landlord may retain
the deposit. If the landlord does not sign the rental agreement for one reason or
another, they have four days to refund the reservation depositto you by making it
available at their office/place of business or by mailing it to you first-class. If they fail
to do this within 31 days, you are entitled to doublethe money you had pre-paid to
the property owner.
3
Landlord-Tenant Relationship"
j 11
Property u-se
So you'vefound a place you'd like to live in, and the landlord agrees to let you do so,
good for you! That means that you'll be signing a lease, rental agreement or contract
with them. Whether that contract is renewable on a yearly or monthly basis, you
need to be aware of not only your rights and responsibilities as a tenant, but also the
rights and responsibilities of the landlord who you'll be renting from.
-Like I said, you have rights as a tenant!
• First of all, you have the right of exclusive possession, which means that even
though the landlord owns the property, you generally havethe rightto your
privacy. No one may invade your "home" without legal authority. As such, your
landlord must give you at least 24 hours notice before entering the property unless
there is an emergency, unless you have requested repairs or maintenance (without
designating certain dates and times), or unless the contract permits the landlord to
enter the grounds (but not the dwelling unit) for yard maintenance. Your landlord
may enter the property after advance notice in order to make inspections, make
necessary repairs, supply necessary services, or to show the property to
prospective buyers or work people. If reasonable, you may deny your landlord
permission to enter; however, you must act reasonably. Just as the landlord cannot
abuse the right of access to harass you or enter at unreasonable times, you cannot
withhold your permission to enter to hinder or interfere with the landlord's
exercise of his or her rights and responsibilities.
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• Second, you have the rightto a "habitable" home. This means that the property
must be safe and sanitary. The space must be free of pests when you move in, and
there must be proper wiring, plumbing, heating and weatherproofing. The landlord
must maintain these conditions throughout your rental period. Beyond very
specific conditions, the landlord may not charge you for utilities for other
apartments or rental units. If repairs are needed for safety or sanitation, your
landlord must make such repairs without charging you for them. If you have
caused the problem, the landlord still is obliged to make the repair if you don't do
it, but you are responsible for the reasonable cost. You are also responsible for the
cost of replacing batteries in smoke alarms in the rental unit as needed and for
checking the alarms every six months to ensurethey work.
• If a landlord refusesto providecertain kinds of services, and if you did not
cause the problem, you may correct the problem if you first give written
notice to the landlord. In the written notice, be sureto define the problem
and give the landlord a reasonable amount of time to make the repairs. In
some circumstances, you may then deduct the cost of the repairs from
your rent, after submitting the receipts to the landlord. The law limits the
time you have to wait, the kinds of problems you are allowed to fix, and the
amount of money you are allowed to spend. Beforetaking any kind of
action concerning repairs, you also should check with a lawyer or your local
legal aid office.
-Tenants also have responsibilities within the landlord-tenant relationship.
• You and the occupants of the rental unit areto use the property only as a home.
You must pay your rent on time, and you must keep the property reasonably clean
and undamaged. You may not tamper with the smoke alarms, but you must
replace the batteries if they die duringyourtenancy. You havean obligation to
behave in a manner that will not disturb your neighbors. Atthe end of the rental
arrangement, you must return the property to your landlord in the same condition
in which you received it except for reasonable wear and tear.
-The people who actually own the units that renters live in also have their set of
rights and responsibilities.
• Landlords havethe rightto receive rent for the use of your property. If your rent is
more than 7 days overdue, your landlord may give you written notice telling you to
either paythe rentwithin 72 hours or leave. In the alternative, the landlord can
give you a 144-hour noticewhen the rent is 5 days overdue. Your landlord may
charge certain fees for late rate rent.
• With month-to-month rental agreements, either you or your landlord can end the
agreement with a 30-day written notice. In the city of Portland, however, tenants
are entitled to a 90-day notice for no-cause evictions. The landlord does not have
to tell you the reason for the 30-day -or in Portland, 90-day -notice, but the
reason must be a lawful one. For instance, the landlord can't issue a no-cause
4
eviction notice to retaliate against you for complaining in good faith about
conditions to the landlord or a public agency or for joining or organizing a tenant
organization. If your tenancy began more than one year ago outside of Portland
city limits, your landlord mustgive you a 60-day notice. If you have a rental
agreement for a specific time period, you may not be evicted before the end of
that term without a good reason.
• If you have caused serious harm to your landlord or to his or her property
or to other people on the rental property, or you have committed
outrageous acts there, your landlord has to give you a 24-hour written
notice to leave. This notice must tell you why you are being evicted. As in
all cases, the landlord cannot evict you for illegal and/or discriminatory
reasons. If the landlord has properly served you with a notice and you do
not comply with it, the landlord can seek a court order to have you evicted.
You havethe rightto appear at the court hearing to challenge the
landlord's requestfor an eviction order. Until the landlord has obtained a
court order to evict you, he or she may not try to force you to leave by
removing your belongings, locking you out of the unit, or shutting off your
utilities. However, if you don't defend yourself successfully in the legal
proceedings to evict you, the landlord may ultimately have the sheriff
remove you from the unit, and you may be required to pay the landlord's
court costs and legal fees.
• They also have the rightto have your property returned to them undamaged at the
end of the rental agreement. It should be returned in the same condition it was
received, except for normal wear and tear. If you pay a deposit when you rent a
house or apartment, the landlord must account for the deposit within 31 days
after the termination of the tenancy and the return of possession to the landlord.
The landlord may keep only the part of the deposit that is needed to pay for any
damage directly caused by you, absent normal wear and tear, unless your rental
agreement says something different.
• Some of these rights and responsibilities cannot be bargained away or even
changed by a written agreement. If you or the landlord wants to change your
rental agreement, you should both agree to the changes in writing.
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Ashland's Fair Housing Ordinance
Classes:
What • r we want : a ♦ r
- Race
Ethnicity
color
Ancestry
Religion
Age
- Sex
Occupation
Identity* - Sexual Orientation
Domestic •
- Gender National Origin
Source of Income*Familial
Status
D
-So, let's bring this back around to our own community. Like I said earlier, protected
classes vary not only on the Federal and State levels, but locally as well. Ashland's
current Fair Housing Ordinance protects these classes. The only class not already
protected on the state level that is protected here is Gender Identity. In ordinance
this is described as: "a person's actual or perceived sex, including a person's
appearance, expression or behavior, whether or not that identity, appearance,
expression or behavior is differentfrom that traditionally associated with the person's
sex at birth."
I've put a question mark after disability because there is a definition of that the class
is in the current ordinance, but in the actual declaration of policy the class isn't
actually listed. This class is unquestionably protected on both the state and federal
level, however.
-This brings usto why we're here: Wethinkthis ordinance needs an update. Students
are being barred from applyingfor housing. Students of all ages, groups, and classes
are being told that there is no way that they can live in many of the (very few)
available rental units simply because we are pursuing higher education. In the past
we have attempted to pressure the City Council to insert language that protects
students as a class, but they didn'tgo for it. Instead, we are now working with them
on protecting "occupation" and specifying that student status is a legitimate,
protected occupation.
On the right are the classes that we are submitting to the Ashland Housing and
5
Human Services Commission to add to the ordinance. We are presenting this
tomorrow, and while it is ambitious, we believe that all of these should be put
through in order to best protect not only students, but also marginalized
communities within the area. Based on past conversations, I personally expect all
except for "age" to be passed through.
5
discrimination
j, inst members of a
pf-(.~tected class
4 }
to do
-Fair Housing Laws are in place to protect you from discrimination by landlords,
managers, agents, owners, and neighbors. If you believe that you have been denied
housing because of factor that identifies you with a protected group of local, state, or
federal classification, you have legal protections.
-When you're looking for a place to live, there are a number of things a discriminatory
landlord, manager, or property company can say or do to try and push you outthat
are discriminatory and illegal. These include:
• Saying that there is no vacancy when there is one
• Requiringa credit check or charginga higher rent or deposit only to
members of a protected class
• Tryingto discouragea member of a protected class in anyway from
applying (like saying "there are no other people of color here" or "you may
be more comfortable somewhere else"
• Other distinctions made in the terms or conditions of the rental.
-If you feel you've been the victim of discrimination when looking for housing, there
are several ways to seek help.
• The Fair Housing Council of Oregon can "test" a property owner's policies
or practices to determine whether or not they are discriminatory. They can
be contacted through the Civil Rights Division of the Oregon Bureau of
Labor and Industries (and we will provide that contact information later
6
on.)
• You can also seek legal assistance (likefrom a lawyer) and file your
complaints in a federal or state court. Even if you don't have proof, file your
complaint (especially if you think you've been discriminated against in the
application process.) By acting quickly this may prevent the landlord from
renting the unit until your case is resolved.
6
Before Signing
~i
3{}-c3ay notice Erad of the term
Length of time
Owner 30 4f y 'n Cn<l o! the leaw
Oral vs. written cause"
- - What can be included T~~ee~iw~nt 30-day 'no End of the lease
cause'
What cannot i r
change: that don't No ct nget, unles-
"sub%tantially both agree, in
• Disclosures .~?trr" the
wiittrt
Inventory/Condition dgret? eOt w/tn
Cis yx
# Security deposits, fees,
and advance rent
-If you are indeed lucky enough to find a unit that you're able to rent, don't get too
jumpy about entering that formal landlord-tenant relationship. I encourage you to
take your time before signing, especially if the landlord is really urging you to do so
quickly. The first thing you ought to know before signing your name is how long
you're agreeing to be a part of the contract for.
-A rental agreement may be a week-to-week tenancy, month to-month
tenancy, or fixed term tenancy (otherwise known as a lease). Leases have a
fixed starting and ending date. They typically run a year, a school year, a half-
year, etc., and usually end without notice when that time is up. If a tenant
stays in the property after the end of a term lease without signing a new
agreement, the tenancy continues as a month to month agreement with all
the other terms of the old lease. Landlords may reserve the right to raise rent
during the course of a lease. Like I said, read the rental agreement carefully.
-The chart on the right gives a more in depth description of the differences
between a month to month agreement and a lease.
1. With a month-to-month contract, rent can be raised with a 30-day
notice, whereas on a fixed term lease the rent can't until the end of
the term, unless both parties agree in writing.
2. With "notices to move" on month-to-month agreements, the
landlord can give a 30-day "no cause" notice to move, but on a lease
this notice cannot be given until the lease is up.
3. Reciprocally, tenants can give their 30-day "no cause" notice to their
7
landlord saying they plan on vacating the unit in a month-to-month
agreement, but they must wait until the end of the term when it
comes to a lease.
4. Lastly, when it comes to making changes to the contract, on a
month-to-month agreement, any changes that don't substantially alter
the agreement made within 30-day notice; and any changes that do
substantially alter the agreement cannot be made unless both parties
agree in writing. On a lease, no changes can be made unless both
parties agree in writing.
-Rental agreements can be oral or written. However, written agreements have
the advantage of providing evidence concerning who is responsible for what.
Oral agreements may lead to serious misunderstandings in the future if both
parties must rely on memory to resolve a dispute. Most written agreements
are on one of several standardized forms. !e agreements may contain
conditions not mentioned in the Act but that are legal when signed by the
tenant (house rules, etc.), provided the rule is not prohibited by the Oregon
Residential Landlord-Tenant Act or other laws. It is really importantto keep a
copy of everything to do with you tenancy in a file, and hold on to it, even
after you move out.
-The Landlord Tenant Act lays outwhat must be disclosed to the tenant,
whether the agreement is written or oral. If a written agreement is signed, a
copy shall be given to the tenant as well as any changes, additions or
amendments. Even if you have no rental agreement at all, the law sets out a
few basic terms.
• "Good Faith" meaning honesty in the conduct of transactions.
• Landlords arefree to set reasonable occupancy limits. This can be
determined by the size of bedrooms, overall size of the dwelling,
and any discriminatory impact on members of a protected class, but
a minimum of two people per bedroom must be allowed.
• Landlords may adopt rules concerning a tenant's use of the
property. These rules are only enforceable if they aim to promote
safety on the property, are clear enough for the tenant to
understand, the tenant has been notified of the rule, and the rule is
equally applied to all other tenants.
• Drug and Alcohol Free Housing is also allowed, as long as the
landlord is a non-profit corporation of housing authority and
actively works to supporttenants who are recovering drug or
alcohol addicts actively participating in rehabilitation and
counseling programs.
-The Oregon Residential Landlord Tenant Act prohibits anything which waives
the rights given to the tenant by the Act. For example, a landlord cannot rent
a unit "as is" to evade their legal obligations. The Act also provides remedies
7
for other "unconscionable" or grossly unfair provisions. Some examples of
these are: Lockout terms, Landlord's lein, Confession of judgement,
exculpation or limitation of liability, agreement to pay attorney fees if a
dispute ends up in court, and any and all terms that waive any of the tenant's
rights under the Act.
-The following items must be disclosed to both applicants and tenants before
entering into a rental agreement: Ownership (those people who are authorized to
manage the premises and the address to send mail to relatingto the tenancy) and
must be kept current, any legal proceedings like foreclosure againstthe landlord, if
there is any lead based paint in the unit, whether or notthe unit has been used to
manufacture illegal drugs (aka Meth Labs), and any utilities the tenant will be paying
that benefit other tenants or the landlord.
-Much time is spent in court disputing the condition of a unit and the deductions
from security deposits. Performing an inspection gives both parties exact knowledge
of the condition of the unit, and helps to preventfuture misunderstandings which
could lead to the landlord withholdingthe deposit. !e landlord is not required to
inspect the unit when you move in or out. However, do an inspection with the
landlord if possible, and note in writing all damage, disrepair, and dirt. If the landlord
is unavailable, ask a friend to help. If the landlord promises to make any alterations,
repairs, or other work, it should be detailed in the written agreement and initialed by
both parties. If you discover any problem after moving in, put in writing and send a
copy to the landlord to amend the move-in documentation.
-You should receive a written explanation of the landlord's conditions for refunding or
keeping the deposit if a rental agreement is not signed. Always ask for a receipt when
you pay a deposit or fee. Deposits may be called a damage deposit, a security
deposit, or a cleaning deposit. It is the tenant's money which the landlord holds to
cover costs if the tenant breaks some part of the rental agreement (e.g., doesn't pay
rent, causes damage, or is negligent in keeping the place clean). A deposit is, by
definition, refundable if the tenant meets clearly specified conditions. !e landlord
must return the deposit in whole or in part depending on the tenant's compliance
with the rental agreement. !e landlord can charge the tenant a fee for a reasonably
anticipated landlord expense, or as a penalty for breaking the terms of the rental
agreement. Fees are differentfrom deposits, and a landlord may not be required to
return, or account for, a fee. Some examples of fees are: application, screening,
cleaning, pet privileges, parking, and storage, lease cancellation, late rent, bounced
checks, etc. If a fee is for a service, a tenant may be able to save some money by
persuading the landlord to let him/her perform the service. If the landlord agrees, it
should be in writing. Rental agreements may call for either "a month in advance;" or
"first and last month in advance," or a "deposit on the last month's rent"
7
Thank you!