HomeMy WebLinkAbout2491 Adding AMC 15.10 Flood Damage Prevention Regulations
ORDINANCE NO.
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING TITLE 15 OF THE ASHLAND MUNICIPAL
CODE, BY AMENDING CHAPTER 15.10 IN ITS ENTIRETY WITH A
NEW CHAPTER 15.10 ENTITLED "FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION
REGULATIONS", AND DECLARING AN EMERGENCY.
THE PEOPLE OF THE CITY OF ASHLAND DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Section 15.04.250 is hereby deleted from the Ashland
Municipal Code, and a new Chapter 15.10 relating to Flood Damage
Prevention Regulations is hereby added thereto, which shall read
as follows:
Chapter 15.10
FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION REGULATIONS
Sections:
15.10.010 Purpose
15.10.020 Statutory Authorization
15.10.030 Findings of Fact
15.10.040 Methods of Reducing Flood Hazards
15.10.050 Definitions
15.10.060 General Provisions
15.10.070 Administration
15.10.080 Provision for Flood Hazard Protection
15.10.090 Variances and Appeals
15.10.100 Penalties
15.10.010 Purpose. The purpose of this section is to promote
the public health, safety, and general welfare, and to minimize
public and private losses due to flood conditions in specific
areas by provisions designed:
A. To protect human life and health;
B. To minimize expenditure of public money on costly flood
control prof ects .
C. To minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts
associated with flooding and generally undertaken at the expense
of the general public;
D. To minimize prolonged business interruptions;
E. To minimize damage to public facilities and utilities
such as water and gas mains, electric, telephone and sewer lines,
streets and bridges located in areas of special flood hazard;
F. To help maintain a stable tax base by providing for the
sound use and development of areas of special flood hazard so as
to minimize future flood blight areas;
G. To ensure that potential buyers are notified that
property is in an area of special flood hazard; and
H. To ensure that those who occupy the areas of special
flood hazard assume responsibility for their actions.
15.10.020 Statutory Authorization. The Legislature of the State
of Oregon has in Oregon Revised Statutes, Chapter 197, delegated
the responsibility to local governments to adopt comprehensive
plans and land use regulations designed to promote the public
health, safety, and general welfare of its citizenry.
15.10.030 Findings of Fact.
A. The flood hazard areas of Ashland are subject to
periodic inundation which results in loss of life and property,
health and safety hazards, disruptions of commerce and
governmental services, extraordinary public expenditures for
flood protection and relief, and impairment of the tax base, all
of which adversely affect the public health, safety and general
welfare.
B. These flood losses are caused by the cumulative effect
of obstructions in areas of special flood hazards which increase
flood heights and velocities, and when inadequately anchored,
damage uses in other areas. Uses that are inadequately
floodproofed, elevated, or otherwise protected from flood damage
also contribute to the flood loss.
15.10.040 Methods of Reducing Flood Losses. In order to
accomplish its purpose, this section includes methods and
provisions for:
A. Restricting or prohibiting uses which are dangerous to
health, safety, and property due to water or erosion hazards, or
which result in damaging increases in erosion or in flood heights
or velocities;
B. Requiring that uses vulnerable to floods, including
facilities which serve such uses, be protected against flood
damage at the time of initial construction;
C. Controlling the alteration of natural flood plains,
stream channels, and natural protective barriers, which help
accommodate or channel flood waters;
D. Controlling filling, grading, dredging, and other
development which may increase flood damage; and
E. Preventing or regulating the construction of flood
barriers which will unnaturally divert flood waters or which may
increase flood hazards outside of identified flood hazard areas.
15.10.050 Definitions. Unless specifically defined below or
elsewhere in this code, words or phrases used in this chapter
shall be interpreted as to give them the meaning they have in
common usage and to give this chapter its most reasonable
application.
A. Appeal means a request for a review of the Building
Official's interpretation of any provision of this section or a
request for a variance.
B. Area of Shallow Flooding means a designated AO or AH
zone on the Flood Insurance Rate Map. The base flood depths
range from one to three feet; a clearly defined channel does not
exist; the path of flooding is unpredictable and indeterminate;
and, velocity flow may be evident. AO is characterized as sheet
flow and AH indicates ponding.
C. Area of Special Flood Hazard means the land in the flood
plain within a community subject to a one percent or greater
chance of flooding in any given year. Designation on maps always
includes the letters A or V.
D. Base Flood means the flood having a one percent chance
of being equalled or exceeded in any given year. Also referred
to as the 11100-year flood". Designation on maps always includes
the letters A or V.
E. Development means any man-made change to improved or
unimproved real estate, including but not limited to buildings or
other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving,
excavation or drilling operations located within the area of
special flood hazard.
F. Flood or Flooding means a general and temporary
condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land
areas from:
1. The overflow of inland or tidal waters and/or
2. The unusual and rapid accumulation of runoff of
surface waters from any source.
G. Flood Insurance Rate Map (Firm) means the official map
on which the Federal Insurance Administration has delineated both
the areas of special flood hazards and the risk premium zones
applicable to the community.
H. Flood Insurance Study means the official report provided
by the Federal Insurance Administration that includes flood
profiles, the Flood Boundary - Floodway Map, and the water
surface elevation of the base flood.
I. Floodway means the channel of a river or other
watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in
order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing
the water surface elevation more than one foot.
J. Habitable Floor means any floor usable for living
purpose, which includes working, sleeping, eating, cooking or
recreation, or a combination thereof. A floor used only for
storage purposes is not a "habitable" floor.
K. Lowest Floor means the lowest floor of the lowest
enclosed area (including basement). An unfinished or flood
resistant enclosure, usable solely for parking of vehicles,
building access or storage, in an area other than a basement area
is not considered a building's lowest floor, provided that such
enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation
of the applicable non-elevation design requirements of this
ordinance found at Section 15.10. 080 (B) (1) (b) .
L. Manufactured Home means a structure, transportable in
one or more sections, which is built on a permanent chassis and
is designed for use with or without a permanent foundation when
connected to the required utilities. For flood plain management
purposes the term "manufactured home" also includes park
trailers, travel trailers, and other similar vehicles placed on a
site for greater than 180 consecutive days. For insurance
purposes the term "manufactured home" does not include park
trailers, travel trailers, and other similar vehicles.
M. Manufactured Home Park or Subdivision means a parcel (or
contiguous parcels) of land divided into two or more manufactured
home lots for rent or sale.
N. New Construction means structures for which the "start
of construction" commenced on or after the effective date of
this Ordinance and includes new mobile home park and mobile home
subdivisions.
0. Start of Construction includes substantial improvement,
and means the date the building permit was issued, provided the
actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, placement
or other improvement was within 180 days of the permit date. The
actual start means either the first placement of permanent
construction of a structure on a site, such as the pouring of
slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction of
columns, or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or the
placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent
construction does not include land preparation, such as clearing,
grading and filling; nor does it include the installation of
streets and/or walkways; nor does it include excavation for a
basement, footings, piers, or foundations or the erection of
temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on the
property of accessory erection of temporary forms; nor does it
include the installation on the property of accessory buildings,
such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not
part of the main structure.
P. Structure as it pertains to the provisions of this
Chapter is a walled and roofed building, including a gas or
liquid storage tank that is principally above ground.
Q. Substantial Improvement means any repair,
reconstruction, or improvement of a structure, the cost of which
equals or exceeds fifty percent of the market value of the
structure either:
1. Before the improvement or repair is started, or
2. If the structure has been damaged and is being
restored, before the damage occurred. For the purpose of this
definition, "substantial improvement" is considered to occur when
the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor, or other
structural part of the building commences, whether or not that
alteration affects the external dimensions of the structure.
The term DOES NOT, however, include either:
a. Any project for improvement of a structure to comply
with existing state or local health, sanitary, or safety code
specifications which are solely necessary to assure safe living
conditions, or
b. any alteration of a structure listed on the National
Register of Historic Places or a State Inventory of Historic
Places.
R. Variance means a grant of relief from the requirements
of this Chapter which permits construction in a manner that would
otherwise be prohibited by this Chapter.
15.10.060 General Provisions:
A. Lands to which this Chapter applies. This Chapter shall
apply to all areas of special flood hazards within the
jurisdiction of the City of Ashland, Oregon.
B. Basis for establishing the areas of special flood
hazard. The areas of special flood hazard identified by the
Federal Insurance Administration in a scientific and engineering
report entitled "The Flood Insurance Study: City of Ashland,
Oregon, Jackson County", dated June 2, 1981, with accompanying
Flood Insurance Maps is hereby adopted by reference and declared
to be a part of the ordinance. The Flood Insurance Study and
accompanying maps (as updated) are on file at City Hall, Ashland,
Oregon.
C. Compliance. No structure on land shall hereafter be
constructed, located, extended, converted, or altered without
full compliance with the terms of this ordinance and other
applicable regulations.
D. Abrogation and Greater Restrictions. This Chapter is
not intended to repeal, abrogate, or impair any existing
easements, covenants, or deed restrictions. However, where this
ordinance and another ordinance, easement, covenant, or deed
restriction conflict or overlap, whichever imposes the more
stringent restrictions shall prevail.
E. Interpretation. In the interpretation and application
of this Chapter, all provisions shall be:
1. Considered as minimum requirements;
2. Liberally construed in favor of the governing body;
and
3. Deemed neither to limit nor repeal any other powers
granted under state statutes.
F. Warning and Disclaimer of Liability. The degree of
flood protection required by this Chapter is considered
reasonable for regulatory purposes and is based on scientific and
engineering consideration. Larger floods can and will occur on
rare occasions. Flood heights may be increased by man-made or
natural causes. This section does not imply that land outside
the areas of special flood hazards or uses permitted within such
areas will be free from flooding or flood damages. This
ordinance shall not create liability on the part of any officer
or employee thereof, or the Federal Insurance Administration, for
any flood damages that result from reliance on this ordinance or
any administrative decision lawfully made thereunder.
15.10.070 Administration.
A. Establishment of Development Permit. A development
permit shall be obtained before construction or development
begins within any area of special flood hazard established in
Section 15.10.060(B). The permit shall be for all structures,
including manufactured homes, as set forth in the Definitions,
and for all other development including fill and other
activities, also set forth in Definitions. Application for a
development permit shall be made on forms furnished by the
Building official and may include, but not be limited to: plans
in duplicate drawn to scale showing the nature, location,
dimensions and elevations of the area in question; existing or
proposed structures, fill, storage of materials, drainage
facilities; and the location of the foregoing. Specifically, the
following information is required:
1. Elevation in relation to mean sea level, of the
lowest floor (including basement) of all structures;
2. Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any
structure has been floodproofed;
3. Certification by a registered professional engineer
or architect that the floodproofing methods for any
nonresidential structure meet the floodproofing criteria in
Section 15.10.090(B)(2).
4. Description of the extent to which any watercourse
will be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development.
B. Designation of the Building Official. The Building
Official is hereby appointed to administer and implement this
Chapter by granting or denying development permit applications in
accordance with its provisions.
C. Duties and responsibilities of the Building Official.
Duties and responsibilities of the Building Official shall
include, but not be limited to:
1. Permit Review:
a. Review all development permits to determine that
the permit requirements of this Section have been satisfied.
b. Review all development permits to determine that
all necessary permits have been obtained from those federal,
state or local governmental agencies from which prior approval is
required.
C. Review all development permits to determine if
the proposed development is located in the floodway. If located
in the floodway, assure that the encroachment provisions of
section 15. 10.080 (C) (1) are met.
2. Use of Other Base Flood Data. When base flood
elevation data has not been provided in accordance with Section
15.10.060(B), "Basis for Establishing the Areas of Special Flood
Hazard", the Building Official shall obtain, review, and
reasonably utilize any base flood elevation and floodway data
available from a federal, state or other source, in order to
administer Sections 15.10.080(B)(1) "Specific Standards:
Residential Construction", 15.10.080(B)(2) "Specific Standards:
Nonresidential Construction, and 15.10.080(C) "Floodways".
3. Information to be Obtained and Maintained.
a. Where base flood elevation data is provided
through the Flood Insurance Study or required as in Section
15.10.070(0)(2), obtain and record the actual elevation (in
relation to mean sea level) of the lowest habitable floor
(including basement) of all new or substantially improved
structures, and whether or not the structure contains a basement.
b. For all new or substantially improved
floodproofed structures:
i. verify and record the actual elevation (in
relation to mean sea level), and
ii. maintain the floodproofing certifications
required in section 15.10.070(A)(3).
C. Maintain for public inspection all records
pertaining to the provisions of this Section.
4. Alteration of Watercourses.
a. Notify adjacent communities and the Water
Resources Commission prior to any alteration or relocation of a
watercourse, and submit evidence of such notification to the
Federal Insurance Administration.
b. Require that maintenance is provided within the
altered or relocated portion of said watercourse so that the
flood carrying capacity is not diminished.
5. Interpretation of FIRM Boundaries. Make
interpretations where needed, as to exact location of the
boundaries of the areas of special flood hazards, (for example,
where there appears to be a conflict between a mapped boundary
and actual field conditions). The person contesting the location
of the boundary shall be given a reasonable opportunity to appeal
the interpretation as provided in Section 15.10.090.
15.10.080 Provisions for Flood Hazard Protection.
A. General Standards. In all areas of special flood
hazards, the following standards are required:
1. Anchoring:
a. All new construction and substantial
improvements shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse, or
lateral movement of the structure.
b. All manufactured homes must likewise be anchored
to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement, and shall be
installed using methods and practices that minimize flood damage.
Anchoring methods may include, but are not limited to, use of
over-the-top or frame ties to ground anchors (Reference FEMA's
"Manufactured Home Installation in Flood Hazard Areas" guidebook
for additional techniques).
2. Construction Materials and Methods:
a. All new construction and substantial
improvements shall be constructed with materials and utility
equipment resistent to flood damage.
b. All new construction and substantial
improvements shall be constructed using methods and practices
that minimize flood damage.
C. Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, and
air-conditioning equipment and other service facilities shall be
designed and/or otherwise elevated or located so as to prevent
water from entering or accumulating within the components during
conditions of flooding.
3. Utilities:
a. All new and replacement water supply systems
shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood
waters into the system.
b. New and replacement sanitary sewage systems
shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood
waters into the systems and discharge from the systems into flood
waters; and
c. On-site waste disposal systems shall be located
to avoid impairment to them or contamination from them during
flooding.
4. Subdivision Proposals:
a. All subdivision proposals shall be consistent
with the need to minimize flood damage;
b. All subdivision proposals shall have public
utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical, and
water systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage;
c. All subdivision proposals shall have adequate
drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood damage; and
d. Where base flood elevation data has not been
provided or is not available from another authoritative source it
shall be generated for subdivision proposals and other proposed
development which contain at least 50 lots or five acres
(whichever is less).
5. Review of Building Permit:
a. Where elevation data is not available either
through the Flood Insurance Study or from another authoritative
source (Section 15.10.070(C)) applications for building permits
shall be reviewed to assure that proposed construction will be
reasonably safe from flooding. The test of reasonableness is a
local judgment and includes use of historical data, high water
marks, photographs of past flooding, etc., where available.
Failure to elevate at least two feet above grade in these zones
may result in higher insurance rates.
b. To determine the flood base elevation, the
applicant's Oregon registered engineer or land surveyor shall
investigate all available sources of information, such as
historic flooding profiles, high water marks, photographs of past
flooding, soil characteristics, or any other feasible methods. A
report shall be submitted to the City by the applicant, setting
forth said elevation and citing the evidence upon which the
estimate is made. Said report may be accepted or rejected by the
City. The Oregon registered engineer or surveyor shall place a
permanent elevation marker on the property.
B. Specific Standards. In all areas of special flood
hazards where base flood elevation data has been provided as set
forth in Section 15.10.060(B), Basis for Establishing the Areas
of Special Flood Hazard, or Section 15.10.070(C)(2), Use of Other
Base Flood Data, the following provisions are required:
1. Residential Construction:
a. New construction and substantial improvement of
any residential structure shall have the lowest floor, including
basement, elevated to at least two feet above the base flood
elevation. Prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy
by the City, the property owner shall furnish certification by a
registered engineer or surveyor of the actual elevation of the
lowest habitable floor, including a basement.
b. Fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that
are subject to flooding are prohibited, or shall be designed to
automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls
by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for
meeting this requirement must either be certified by a registered
professional engineer or architect or must meet or exceed the
following minimum criteria:
i. A minimum of two openings having a total net
area of not less than one square inch for every square foot of
enclosed area subject to flooding shall be provided.
ii. The bottom of all openings shall be no
higher than one foot above grade.
iii. Openings may be equipped with screens,
louvers, or other coverings or devices provided that they permit
the automatic entry and exit of floodwaters.
2. Nonresidential Construction. New construction and
substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial or other
nonresidential structure shall either have the lowest floor,
including basement, elevated to the level of the base flood
elevation; or, together with attendant utility and sanitary
facilities, shall:
a. Be floodproofed so that below the base flood
level the structure is watertight with walls substantially
impermeable to the passage of water;
b. Have structural components capable of resisting
hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy; and,
c. Be certified by an Oregon registered
professional engineer or architect that the design and methods of
construction are in accordance with accepted standards of
practice for meeting provisions for this subsection based on
their development review of the structural design, specifications
and plans. Such certifications shall be provided to the official
as set forth in Section 15.10. 070 (C) (3) (b) .
d. Non-residential structures that are elevated,
not flood-proofed, must meet the same standards for space below
the lowest floor as described in 15.10.080 (B)(1)(b).
e. Applicants floodproofing nonresidential
buildings shall be notified that flood insurance premiums will be
based on rates that are one foot below the flood-proofed level
(e.g., a building constructed to the base flood level will be
rated as one foot below that level).
3. Manufactured Homes: All manufactured homes to be
placed or substantially improved within Zones Al-30, AH, and AE
shall be elevated on a permanent foundation such that the lowest
floor of the manufactured home is at least two feet above the
base flood elevation and be securely anchored to an adequately
anchored foundation system in accordance with the provisions of
subsection 15.10.080(A)(1).
C. Floodways: Located within areas of special flood hazard
established in Section 15.10.060(B) are areas designated as
floodways. Since the floodway is an extremely hazardous area due
to the velocity of flood waters which carry debris, potential
projectiles, and erosion potential, the following provisions
apply:
1. Prohibit encroachments, including fill, new
construction, substantial improvements, and other development,
unless certification by a registered professional engineer or
architect is provided demonstrating that encroachments shall not
result in any increase in flood levels during the occurrence of
the base flood discharge.
2. If Section 15.10.080(C)(1) above is satisfied, all
new construction and substantial improvements shall comply with
all applicable flood hazard reduction provisions of Section
15.10.080, PROVISIONS FOR FLOOD HAZARD PROTECTION.
15.10.090 Variances and Appeals.
A. Appeals shall be granted consistent with the standards
of Section 1910.6 of the rules and regulations of the National
Flood Insurance Program (24 CFR 1909, etc.).
B. The Board of Appeals established by Section 15.04.200 of
this Chapter shall hear variances and appeals from decisions of
the Building Official.
C. In passing upon applications for appeal or variance, the
Board of Appeals shall consider all technical evaluations, all
relevant factors, standards specified in other parts of this
code, and:
1. The danger that materials may be swept onto other
lands to the injury or loss of others;
2. The danger to life and property due to flooding or
erosion damage;
3. The susceptibility of the proposed facility and its
contents to flood damage and the effect of such damage on the
individual owner;
4. The importance of the services provided by the
proposed facility to the community;
5. The availability of alternative locations for the
proposed use which are not subject to flooding or erosion damage.
6. The compatibility of the proposed use with existing
and anticipated development;
7. The consistency of the proposed use with the
policies of the Comprehensive Plan and flood plain management for
that area;
8. The safety of access to the property in times of
flood for ordinary or emergency vehicles;
9. The expected heights, velocity, duration, rate or
rise, and sediment transport of the flood waters and effects of
channel movement, if applicable, expected at the site; and
10. The costs of providing governmental services during
and after flood conditions, including maintenance and repair of
public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical,
and water systems, and streets and bridges.
D. Upon consideration of the factors of and the purpose of
the Chapter, the Board of Appeals may attach such conditions to
the granting of variances as it deems necessary to further the
purposes of this Chapter.
E. The Building Official shall maintain the records of all
appeal actions and report any variances to the Federal Insurance
Administration upon approval.
F. Conditions for Variances:
1. Variances shall not be issued within any designated
floodway, if any increase in flood levels during the base flood
discharge would result.
2. Variances shall only be issued upon a determination
that the variance is the minimum necessary, considering the flood
hazard, to afford relief.
3. Variances shall only be issued upon:
a. a showing of good and sufficient cause;
b. a determination that failure to grant the
variance would result in exceptional hardship to the applicant;
and
c. a determination that granting the variance will
not result in increased flood heights, additional threats to
public safety, extraordinary public expense, create nuisances,
cause fraud on or victimization of the public, or conflict with
existing laws or ordinances.
4. Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be
given written notice that the cost of flood insurance will be
commensurate with any increased risk that may result from
development for which the variance is issued.
15.10.100 Penalties. Any person, firm or corporation, whether
as principal, agent employee, or otherwise, violating or causing
the violation of any provisions of this Chapter has committed an
infraction and, upon conviction thereof, is punishable as
prescribed in Section 1.08.020 of the Ashland Municipal Code.
Such person, firm, or corporation is guilty of a separate
violation for each and every day during any portion of which any
violation of this Chapter is committed or continued by such
person, firm or corporation. In addition, violation of this
ordinance shall constitute a public nuisance and may be regarded
as such in all actions, suits and proceedings. Said nuisance may
be prosecuted in the courts of the State of Oregon.
SECTION 2. Emergency Clause. Inasmuch as the City will be in
non-compliance with Federal NFIP regulations on February 2, 1989
and thereby suspended from participation in the program, an
emergency is declared to exist, and this ordinance shall be
effective upon its passage on second reading and approved by the
Mayor.
The foregoing ordinance was first read on the J "7t'l,day of
January, 1989 and duly PASSED and ADOPTED this 7-e-4- day of
February, 1989.
1
Nan E. Fra lin, City Recorder
SIGNED and APPROVED this j- day of February, 1989.
~ f
Catherine M. Golden, Mayor