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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2024-08-05 Study Session MINASHLAND CITY COUNCIL STUDY SESSION MINUTES Monday August 5, 2024 Mayor Graham called the meeting to order at 5:30 p.m. Mayor Graham and Councilors Hyatt, Dahle, Bloom, Hansen, DuQuenne, and Kaplan were present. 1. Public Forum (Public input or comment on City business not included on the agenda) None 2. Homeless Services Masterplan Report Linda Reid, Housing Program Manager and Staff Liaison to the Homeless Services Masterplan Subcommittee introduced Chair Echo Fields and committee member Jan Calvin, who presented the report (included in the packet). Fields spoke of the assignment from Council to set priorities and create an agenda for how to best manage homelessness in the City of Ashland. The presentation and report consisted of five sections: Funding Streams, Services Inventory, Data, Community Perspectives, and Regional Coordination. Funding- Most of the funding comes from government sources going to the largest organizations. Non-profit organizations depend on fundraising and some cities coordinate donor contributions. Services Inventory- There is a great need for additional supportive services. Street outreach can provide triage for health and safety concerns as well as connections to resources. An estimated 230-320 people are experiencing homelessness in Ashland with only 117 beds available revealing a need for housing. Data- Jackson County eviction cases result in evictions at a higher rate compared statewide. Homelessness is growing at faster rate in Jackson County compared to the rest of Oregon, and females represent a growing percentage of people experiencing homelessness in the County. Ashland has a higher percent of homeless students than Oregon and a higher percentage of homeless students living on their own than Jackson County. Kaplan clarified with Calvin this refers to students in the K-12 system who added that the report of every school district is on the State of Oregon Department of Education Website. Community Perspectives -Calvin spoke about concerns and solutions voiced by businesses. DuQuenne asked about the survey of South Ashland and Calvin clarified that 57.32 percent of Page Iof4 respondents from South Ashland mentioned in the report were of the business community. Bloom asked how the numbers relate between the Point in Time (PIT) count of 181 and the report that states 230-320 people are experiencing homelessness. Calvin explained the PIT count depends on the weather, how many volunteers are available, and how many people are sequestering themselves. This results in how many people can be counted rather than a picture of how many people are homeless. The standard from the National Alliance and the US Inter -Agency Council on Homelessness is that a community has double of what can be counted. Calvin spoke of the perceived need expressed by respondents as: basic needs, case managers, outreach to navigate support systems, increased coordination, resources, and training. Fields spoke about the survey of the 282 responses to questions generated by the committee. Calvin spoke that the majority of respondents indicated the City should secure grant funding, lead plans to end homelessness, collect data and monitor efforts, and participate with the County. Regional Coordination- Calvin spoke on the local Jackson County Continuum of Care (COC), a Housing and Urban Development (HUD) designated entity. Calvin spoke that service coordination is lacking, the Coordinated Entry System is not being well -utilized, a recent COC reorganization is helping to address shortfalls in the system, and a needs assessment is being completed intended for regional strategic planning. Fields spoke that the Actions Summary of seven policy objectives run the gamut from meeting immediate needs to long-term solutions. These are: Triage and Manage Homelessness, Support Pathways from Homelessness to Housing, Create Long -Term Change, Maximize Resources, Foster Public Engagement, Form Strategic Alliances, and Continue to Learn & Educate. Hansen asked how to reconcile the data indicating 32 percent of respondents said the City should be providing services while 63 percent feel the City should lead the charge to end homelessness. Calvin responded that leading the charge does not necessarily mean providing the service but rather leveraging resources and partnerships to deliver those outcomes. Housing -focused homeless services and monitoring those placements and retention outcomes is a priority. Expanding street outreach services is needed for connections to resources as are educational/skill-building programs. Expanding local access to countywide Rapid Rehousing programs and a housing -focused transitional shelter with wrap -around services and case management are needed. Graham asked how the transitional shelter recommended in this report is different from the shelters the City has been working with such as Opportunities for Housing Resources, & Assistance (OHRA). Fields responded there is simply need for more that kind of housing with case management and skill building throughout the County. Fields spoke that other examples of similar work are St. Vincent de Paul, Salvation Army, and Rogue Retreat in Medford. Graham clarified further with Fields that the need was not for one large structure for housing, but rather units that afford privacy as appropriate to the individual circumstances in conjunction with wrap -around services. Bloom inquired if education or classes are required for participants to prevent the Page 2 of 4 return of housed people to the street. Fields and Calvin responded that accountability for the outcome is important and goes back to design and implementation of programming. Dahle asked what metrics can be used to measure program effectiveness. Graham spoke that the purpose of this report was to identify needs and offer a set of recommendations while the next portion of the work will be for the Council to prioritize the needs. Hyatt inquired if Fields' reference to appropriate housing identified a need to develop specific transitional housing types such as for seniors, women, and k-12 students. Fields affirmed adding that veterans comprise another group that has unique needs. Hyatt expressed this is an important consideration for the planning of 2200 Ashland Street and asked about eviction prevention. Calvin agreed eviction prevention it is an important part of homelessness prevention. Calvin spoke of the governmental role in creating long-term change by approaching the homelessness issue from a public health, mental health and social service perspective. Key components include Infrastructure development, community -building strategies, development of city and regional strategic plans and implementation of the Ashland Housing Production Strategy. Recommendations for maximizing resources included prospecting and advocating for federal and state funding through grant writing and grant -writing assistance to homeless service providers. Graham asked if there are any business models for these services that connect with the work -force demand to reduce the cost of services. Calvin gave examples of entrepreneurial carpentry and electrician apprenticeship programs with wrap -around support for transportation and tools. Reid gave an example for a fee -for -service model for recapturing funds through the Oregon Health Authority by receiving repayments from CCO's. Calvin spoke of fostering public engagement through promoting volunteer opportunities, community education, and establishing a 'community donations portal' for donor -directed contributions. Fields spoke of the need to strengthen the City's participation in the Jackson County Continuum of Care and participating in regional coordination of all current health service providers to eliminate duplication of services or'reinventing the wheel' when best practices may already be established. Increased communication, coordination and collaboration were stressed as important to support these efforts across organizations. DuQuenne and Bloom spoke to the need for data reporting from City grant -funded agencies in order to measure effectiveness. Graham asked what it would mean to strengthen the City's participation in the COC. Reid responded that communication throughout the levels of care including the front-line workers is important. Reid proposed that after the 2200 Ashland Street Ad Hoc committee completes their master plan with recommendations for use of that site, City staff can review available resources, budget, and potential grant funding to develop short and long-term recommended actions based on both the Homeless Services and 2200 Ashland St. Master Plans. Kaplan asked about the potential for a Homelessness Services Coordinator position within the City. Cotta spoke that completion of both master plans will inform what that position would look like. Graham Page 3 of 4 spoke that the timeline for completion of the 2200 Ashland Street master plan is scheduled for the Fall. Graham suggested staff work on sorting the list of action items into what the City is already doing verses what would could be initiated while the 2200 Ashland Street master plan is finalizing. Dahle spoke of wanting this to come back to a study session rather than a decision -based business meeting. Graham agreed that it would be best scheduled for a meeting with a light agenda that could accommodate the in-depth discussion needed. Graham added the need for the Council to formally accept the Homelessness Services Masterplan Report from the committee. Graham thanked the subcommittee for their work. Graham reflected that as presented it is an assessment with a set of recommendations to begin with rather than a strategic plan and recommended changing the name of the report to reflect that. Reid suggested changing the name to the Homelessness Services Assessment Report. Bloom suggested that after Council decisions are made, they can be added as a final chapter to the report when it would then become a Master Plan. DuQuenne asked where eviction prevention would be incorporated. Reid spoke that eviction prevention as a program offered every year through the COC with eviction prevention funds received by the state. Reid spoke of a three-part strategy: homelessness prevention, emergency shelters with case management, and re -housing with stabilization services. Calvin clarified the difference between eviction prevention and homelessness prevention. Graham asked about the types of housing being discussed in the housing production strategy. Fields spoke that the City's planning department, the planning commission, land developers, and property management companies should all be involved in the communication, coordination, and collaboration on this issue, which Reid added is needed to garner the deep subsidy required to support housing for lowest income households as the private market is not going to be able to provide that. 3. Adjournment The meeting was adjourned at 7:17PM Respectfully submitted by: City Recorder Alissa Kolodzinski Attest: Mayor Tonya Graham Page 4 of 4 Subcommittee.- • Jan Calvin* • Alexandra Reid • Echo Fields* • Rich Rhode • Ro Henigson-Kann* • Dennis Slattery • Debra Neisewander • Avram Sacks • Deb Price • Helena Turner *Subcommittee Leadership Team • Lawrence VanEgdom Liaisons and City Staff Dylan Bloom, City Council Liaison Bob Kaplan, City Council Liaison Sgt. Robert Leonard, Ashland Police Department Liaison Linda Reid, Community Development, Housing Program Manager Veronica Allen, Community Development, Associate Planner • Special Thanks to the OHSU School of Nursing / Street Nursing Team Acknowledgements The combined efforts of the 11 Subcommittee members, two Council liaisons, and the OHSU Street Nursing Team to gather information, analyze the data, and create this report totaled more than 1,230 volunteer hours, with an estimated value of more than $41,200. Hourly Volunteer Rate Source: Independent Sector Preface The City of Ashland does not have a comprehensive strategy for how it will provide for the health and safety needs of Ashland's homeless population • Nor does the City have a comprehensive strategy to address homelessness • Cities can and do play different roles Introduction The Charge: to develop a plan that outlines the City's role in providing and supporting resources and services that address the issues of homelessness in the Ashland community The Approach: inventory local services, gather data, outline funding sources, conduct a SWOT analysis, gather a cross-section of community perspectives, identify areas of greatest concern and potential opportunities February: • Understand the Players • Adopt Roadmap • Assign Tasks 01 Homeless Master Plan Subcommittee Roadmap 2024 Five Months to Provide the Foundation for Informed Decision -Making March: April: May: • Understand Role of CoC • CoC SWOT Analysis June: Y Service Inventory •Review Findings • Inventory Programs & • Collect Conununity SWOT Analysis Services Input • Compile & Analyze • Finalize Phase 1 • Gather Archival Data • Review Archival Data Community Input Report 02 03 0 05 June Complete Feb Mar Start Information MW April System Analysis / May Program Analysis / Phase 1 Gathering Community Input Community Findings Phase 1 • Funding Streams • Services Inventory • Data • Community Perspectives • Businesses • People Experiencing Homelessness • Frontline Services Staff • General Population • Regional Coordination Each with Take-Aways 5 6 Ta ke-Aways-Funding Streams • The majority of funding comes from government sources, and most of that goes to the largest organizations • Non-profit organizations depend on fundraising • Some cities coordinate donor contributions Percent of Programs Receiving Each Type of Funding 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% °°e1��0c` Go o � �G m � e F ■ Receive this Type of Funding ■ Do Not Receive this Type of Funding 'Other includes fundraising events and store proceeds. Ta ke-Aways- Services Inventory • There is a great opportunity/ need for additional supportive services 20 18 • Street outreach can provide much -needed triage for health 16 and safety concerns, connections 14 to resources 12 10 • An estimated 230-320 people are experiencing homelessness in Ashland, and only 117 beds, 6 revealing a huge need along the 4 housing continuum 2 0 Distribution of Street Outreach and Housing -Related Services Homeless Services In Ashland Permanent Tra Ho Emergency Shelter (3) Street Outreach (2) Supportive Services, including a resource center and safe parking (14) Street Outreach Emergency Shelter Transitional Housing Rapid Rehousing Permanent Supportive Housing ■ In Ashland ■ Outside of Ashland 8 Take-Aways-Data Percent at Students Homeless • A higher percent of Jackson County eviction cases 1.0" result in eviction compared to cases statewide 6.0% D.01.. 47r: 4.7% • Females represent a growing percentage of the 401, e.l'a ]6� 3.2% people experiencing homelessness in the county J01° 2.0% • Homelessness is growing at a faster rate in 1.0% Jackson Count than in Oregon overall Y g °°% 10,a 70197a 70713-71 701-72 7012 ., Gender Distribution 80,Nonsnroents •Asnit,45tuaents 100 % 90% ,•,�,„r Ashland has a higher ♦dMT.•M 19uny BO% ris oiel •rent,, w.,r,-:;.;�, •�^u•�>'6� percent of homeless 70% 60% students than Oregon and a 50% I 409A higher percentage of 30% homeless students living on 20% 10% °°°•°k° xU a-.. their own than Jackson o% 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 County or Oregon ■ Female ■ Mate ■ Other 91 Take-Aways-Business Community Perspectives • Businesspeople have a wide range of concerns - about their business, the community, and the people experiencing homelessness. Camp"ryg ray ulness-n,entat Theft& Publk haMN 8 var,dahsm public "treat or physical �Y tokNtttB A i • Camping and public sleeping • Access to bathrooms • General unrest and feeling unsafe • Public health and safety (for all) • Trash and loitering • Thelt and vandalism • Illness - mental and/or physical • Obstructing sidewalks • Panhandling for money and/or food • Entering businesses to get out of the weather Weed PUDIrC reeuooms Inerease0 patrol wnn eo•a a abatement rS shower wee" andfa,esbypol,ce r--1, •ap�•b• wdtir A n � - r I A 6. .r • Weed abatement • More mental health services • More shelter • Increased police patrols and fines • Fund services w/food & beverage tax • PubGc restrooms & shower access • More drug treatment services • Affordable housing • lob training & employment opportunities 10 Take-Aways-Staff & People Experiencing Homelessness • People experiencing homelessness need resources to meet basic needs, as well as case managers and street outreach to navigate What would make your work more successful? 6 S t 0 . ■ t-lore System Mae Skill Bultomg Voxr [G-ao Ct, Resources Integration/ Information Management coordination Take-Aways-General Community Perspectives What would be most valuable? 20 18 16 14 12 10 B 6 4 2 0 OF 4i 1`411 (ar�.°�'o Qe rots° 6`c� i\y8A 1�0r �@ems `\oce G090 G�ea a0�co 09 �0c` M1ar • Frontline staff called for more coordination, resources, and training How important is it to address the following aspects of homelessness in Ashland? 60', 70% 68+: 59% 60% 529n 49% 50% 44?4 40% 90% 27 2 2 26 21? III ,' ,' all COsllbtaapayers Impactonlocal Impact on Access to public Health and well- Public safety businsesses toursm restrooms being of people experiencing twmelessness ■Notimportant ■ Slightly Important Mimporlaril ■Verylmportant M • Differing viewpoints on who to help and what, if anything will be effective • Want City involved in regional and local planning and coordination • Want City to secure grant funds • Funding should come from Federal, State and County resources more than City funding • Concerned about Public Safety -for all • Concerned about health & well-being for people experiencing homelessness • Need for additional services to help people experiencing homelessness get out of homelessness (help, not handouts) • Call for accountability -effective services, data, outcomes 12 46% 32 % 71% 71% 63% 86% None of these Deliver services vnth Fund services Secure grant funding Convene or lead Collect data/ monitor Participate in plans to City staffand funding provided by plans to address/end efforts to address/ address/end nonprofits homelessness in end homelessness in homelessness in Ashland Ashland Jackson County None Deliver Fund Secure Ashland Data/ County Services Services Grants Plan Monitoring Plan 13 Ta ke-Aways-Regional Coordination • Service coordination is lacking • The Coordinated Entry System is not being well -utilized. • HMIS is underutilized and data quality is not monitored or maintained. • Recent CoC reorganization is helping to address shortfalls in the system. • A needs Assessment/gaps analysis is being completed, which is intended to be used in strategic planning. CONTINUUM of CARE JACKSON COUNTY OREGON Aill �t t r ( r' Actions Summary • Triage and Manage Homelessness • Support Pathways from Homelessness to Housing • Create Long -Term Change • Maximize Resources • Foster Public Engagement • Form Strategic Alliances • Continue to Learn & Educate 15 Triage and Manage Homelessness Respond to community livability concerns, particularly in south Ashland; clean up unsightly areas, provide more trash receptacles and weed abatement. Strengthen partnerships between law enforcement, social service agencies, and volunteers to connect people with help and support. Provide multiple locations for electronics charging and Wi-Fi access. y Increase the number of public restrooms and access to drinking water. Expand access to showers and laundry facilities. Develop a daytime lockable storage program where unhoused people can store their belongings while navigating other resources, employment, etc. Create a day center/respite from outdoors, with access to water, bathrooms, and resources. Establish a winter shelter for seniors and other vulnerable populations that is open 24/7 from mid -November through mid -April; explore healthcare partnerships to address chronic, acute, and emergent needs. 16 Support Pathways from Homelessness to Housing ➢ Develop priorities for funding effective housing -focused homeless services; monitor housing placements and retention outcomes. ➢ Expand street outreach services; ensure seamless connections to resources. ➢ Provide educational/skill-building programs and meaningful employment opportunities. ➢ Establish a housing -focused transitional shelter with case management and access to health services, employment resources, ready -to -rent courses, and other assistance. ➢ Expand local access to countywide Rapid Rehousing programs. Create long-term Change ➢ Approach issues of homelessness from a public health, mental health, and social service perspective. Advocate for quality, effective, and evaluated services. ➢ Improve neighborhood livability through infrastructure development and community -building strategies (both structural and social avenues). ➢ Participate in the development of a countywide strategic plan to address / end homelessness. Ensure research -based strategies and promising practices. ➢ Develop a strategic plan to address / end homelessness in Ashland; identify community goals and metrics for success. Implement the Ashland Housing Production Strategy. ,7 ,s Maximize Resources ➢ Develop federal and state Legislative Agendas related to issues of homelessness, ranging from eviction prevention to homeless response to affordable housing and development. Educate and advocate for federal and state funding to address homelessness in Ashland and the greater region/county. ➢ Increase financial resources through grant writing. ➢ Provide grant -writing assistance to homeless service providers. Monitor the capacity and use of homeless service programs in an effort to maximize use. Foster Public Engagement ➢ Strengthen methods for community engagement and information sharing about issues of homelessness in Ashland. ➢ Promote volunteer opportunities available with homeless services programs. ➢ Establish a "community donations portal" for donor -directed contributions to a wide range of homeless services. Host focus groups to gather feedback, explore new ideas, and identify hidden resources. 19 20 Form Strategic Alliances ➢ Strengthen City of Ashland participation in the Jackson County Continuum of Care. Leverage existing relationships (intergovernmental, economic, social, etc.) to increase communication, coordination, and collaboration around issues of homelessness. ➢ Facilitate coordination of current health service providers (e.g. Max's Mission, ACCESS, JCMH, La Clinica, HIV Alliance, Pathfinders/other peer support); host mini summits. ➢ Convene an interdepartmental team to keep pace with and address issues of homelessness in Ashland. 21 Continue to Learn & Educate ➢ Keep pace with federal and state priorities. o Subscribe to news from the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, National Alliance to End Homelessness, HUD Exchange, and Oregon Housing and Community Services (OHCS) o Monitor the work of the Oregon Interagency Council on Homelessness, the Senate Interim Committee on Housing and Development, the House Interim Committee on Housing and Homelessness, and the OHCS Housing Stability Council ➢ Convene, sponsor, and otherwise expand access to professional development courses for frontline staff, such as Motivational Interviewing techniques, trauma informed practices, equity, and cultural responsiveness. ➢ Provide and collect relevant data, analyze trends, and monitor the performance of the homeless services system, as well as individual programs. ➢ Continuously learn about what works and what doesn't -and seek to understand why. 22 Questions or Comments? H H SAC Recommendation: The City Council Accept and approve the Report Potential Next Steps Direct City staff to: • Review the 2200 Ashland Street Ad Hoc Committee masterplan and recommendations. • Evaluate City budgetary and staff resources, as well as potential grant funding. • Come back to the council with a list of short- and long-term actions for review and consideration. Participation & Partnerships on All Levels • Local Community • Region / County • State • National City of Ashland's Efforts Examples: • Allowances for car camping • Space and funding for extreme weather shelter • Federal and General Fund grants for social services • Affordable Housing Trust Fund 27 28 Supporting Direct Services Emergency camping and car camping Shelters �► Transitional housing Perm0Rapid Rehousing p-' anent Drop -in in Centers • l• Supportive Housing Warming/Cooling a Centers 29 Facility -Based Beds Type In Jackson # in Ashland % in Ashland Facility County Emergency Shelter 426 72 16.9% OHRA Center 5 TransitionaUSafe Haven 363 4.1% Parker House (al Permanent Supportive 114 30 26.3% Rogue Ridge Housing Year Around Facility- 903 117 12.9% Based Beds Severe Weather/Smoke Severe Weather 78 28 o 35.9/o Shelter Beds Shelter Total 981 145 14.8% SHADY COVERegulated ,n Affordable Rental Housing in Jackson County BUTTE FALLS 130 ROGUE GOLD RIVER 146 HILL O Z WHITE EAGLE CITY • POINT • • 191 10fta me ` Wwribwot:Urtle: Ashland 376 Butte Falls 0 Central Point 334 Eagle Point 130 Gold Hill 8 Jacksonville 48 Medford 1735 Phoenix 76 Rogue River 146 Shady Cove 24 Talent 234 White City 191 Total 3302 AMU atn . hem the Onycm Housing and Cammumry Sen— Wetxae, 2W 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 CENTRAL POINT & MEDFORD JACKSONVILLE .,y. • •, i76 PHOENIX 274 TALENT 376 0 5 10 %.• Miles ASHLAND Point In Time Count - Jackson County 1251 773 712 727 424 348 364 364 363 349 2019 2020 2021 IMIIIIIII Sheltered � Unsheltered 1111�11 Total 638 613 587 556 2022 2023 -.. I • I. Linear (Total) 1143 a 32 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 How Many People Are Homeless in Jackson County? 712 621 11 2019 1100 727 E 773 1406 1251 1876 2020 2021 2022 ■ PIT Count ■ HMIS Database a tl 2one2 v 4r Garr .,. AID '03 2ona T. ®te _ 22 1950 1143 2023 Zone Distribution 53 Additional people were In OKRA Center 1 person was at ASMand Hospital Total Cant M pe4 i fto a F� f Zene S. ' io The 121 Ashland students experiencing homelessness during the 2022-23 school year accounted for 4.7%ofthe student body, which was higher than the State average of 3.9%. AEL4IANO tAST19cT ENROLLMENT! N w 1) ,M dUp tk.Wft • Me UN AWILAED HO6T M STIDEIR9 9E%t1Nr A%%AND STUOE%n HOMELESS ASNAID %e#AN%AND HOMELESS STUDENTS UW1tt AMEO kbW — OATOON HOMELESS STUDENTS L%e MOON STUDENTS W6%E% HOMED SuKe%9 2167 76 M 1 14 In 4.7% b 24.6% 2022-23 21,478 19% _2,434 ' _ 2552 112 124 21 23 _ 21 11 ESE 6.39 29 LUX2021-12 ,. 16,3i8 _3,3% 3.2% 15A —__. E2% 22 13.8% 1D20-21 17,693 2,645 95 31 in 4-1% 26 20.7% 202"0 21,090 16% 2 6 18 8 33 1ES 4.7% 25 1&5% 202419 22.215 3.9% Percent of Students Homeless 7.0% 6.2% 6.3% 6.0% 5.0% 4.7% 4.7% 3.9% 4.1% 3.9% 4.0% 3.6% 3.3% 3.2% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 ■ Oregon Students ■ Ashland Students The Coordinated Entry Assessments measure the level of vulnerability and service needs. Scores indicate the need for different types of housing resources. The template below is the type of information that can be generated. However, the CoC was not able to fulfill the Subcommittee's data request. Type of Service Households Assessed Description # % Needed Diversion One-time intervention, such as rent payment to prevent eviction Transitional Short-term intervention, typically 3-12 Housing months, with varied levels of case management Rapid Rehousing Short- or medium -term intervention, 6- (RRH) 24 months, with moderate to intensive case management Client lease, with the option to continue renting after RRH. Permanent Medium- to long-term intervention with Supportive intensive support services for a minimum Housing of two years and typically much longer. Total Assessments in 2023 35 36 How much do you agree with the following statements? 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Services are adequate Services should be reduced Services should be expanded STRONGLY DISAGREE NEITHER AGREE AGREE STRONGLY TOTAL DISAGREE OR DISAGREE AGREE Services to homeless people in Ashland 32.36% 28.73% 18.91% 8.73% 11.27% are adequate to meet the need 89 79 52 24 31 275 Services to homeless people in Ashland 47.25% 14.65% 17.22% 8.79% 12.09% should be reduced 129 40 47 24 33 273 Services to homeless people in Ashland 16.25% 11.19% 14.44% 21.66% 36.46% should be expanded 45 31 40 60 101 277 37