HomeMy WebLinkAbout2010-0817 Documents Submitted
Base Map: 2005 Aerial Photo,
Parcels, PPL and Access Points
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Approximate Avista Gas Line
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Proposed Trail Easement
LJ Imperatrice Property
II Ashland City Limits
Q Taxlots
o Access Points
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f5/17I,o
Portugfb Gives Itself a Clean-Energy Ma eov r
~ \ 0 about twice what Americans pay .
BEYOND FOSSIL FUELS for electricity, and prices have
Lessons From Europe risen 15 percent in the last five
years, probably partly because of
the renewable energy program.
the International Energy Agency
says.
Although a 2009 report by the
agency called Portugal's renew-
able energy transition a "remark-
able success," it added, "It is not
fully clear that their costs, both fi.
nancial and economic, as well as
their impact on final consumer
energy prices, are well under-
stood and appreciated."
Indeed, complaints about ris-
ing electricity rates are a main-
stay of pensioners' gossip here.
Continued on Page AB
By ELISABETH ROSENTHAL
LISBON - Five years ago, the
leaders . of this sun-scorched.
wind-swept nation made a bet:
To reduce Portugal's dependence
on imported fossil fuels, they em-
barked on an array of ambitious
renewable energy projects - pri-
marily harnessing the country's
wind and hydropower, but also its
sunlight and ocean waves.
Today, Lisbon's trendy bars,
Porto's factories and the Algar-
ve's glamorous resorts are
powered substantially by clean
energy. Nearly 45 percent of the
electricity in Portugal's grid will
come from renewable sources
this year, up from 17 percent just
five years ago.
Land-based wind power - this
year deemed "potentially com-
petitive" with fossil fuels by the
International Energy Agency in
Paris - has expanded sevenfold
in that time. And Portugal ex-
peets in 2011 to become the first
country to inaugurate a national
network of charging stations for
electric cars.
"I've seen all the smiles - you
know: It's a good dream. It can't
compete. It's too expensive," said
Prime Minister Jos~ S6crates, r~
calling the way Silvio Berlusconi,
the Italian prime minister, mock-
ingly offered to build him an elec-
tric Ferrari. Mr. S6crates added,
"The experience of Portugal
shows that it is possible to make
these changes in a very short
time."
The oil spill in the Gulf of Mex-
ico has renewed questions about
the risks and unpredictable costs
of America's unremitting de-
pendence on fossil fuels. Presi-
dent Obama has seized on the op-
portunity to promote his goal of
having 20 to 25 percent of Amer-
ica's electricity produced from
renewable sources by 2025.
While Portugal's experience
shows that rapid progress is
achievable, it also highlights the
price of such a transition. Portu-
guese households have long paid
,
AS
. "t'.
. THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL TUESDAY. AUGUST 10, 2010
,<
Portug~l Gives Itself a Makeover,' Convehlng to Clean Energy
)- . ;.
From Page Al
Mr. SOcrates, who after a landslide vic-
tory in 2005 pushed through the major
elements of the energy makeover over
the obJections of the country's fossillueJ
Industry, survived only as the leader of .
a weak coalition last year.
.. ~You cannot imagine the pressure we
Suffered that first year,~. said Manuel
Pinho, Portugal's minister of economy
and Innovation from 2005 until last year,
who largely masterminded the transi.
~on, adding .Politicians must take
toughdecisions.M
t Still, aggressive national policies to '.
accelerate renewable energy use are
Succeeding in Portugal and some" other.
Countries, according to a recent report
by IHS Emerging Energy Research of
Cambridge, Mass.. a leading "energy
eonsuhing firm. By 2025, the report-pro-
~ted,.. Ireland, Denmark and Brilain
:Wtu also get 40 percent or more of their
~lectriclty from renewable sourcesi it
power from large-scale hydroelectric
~ams, an older type of renewable ener.
gy, Is included, countries,.~_ke Canada
and BraziIjoin the lilit. -!i;~t~;;:~:1'-;
The United States, whichias~ year
generated less than 5 percent of its pow-
er from newer forms of renewable ener.
gy, will lag behind at 16 percent (or just
over 20 percent, including hydroelectric by fOCUSing heavily on the ,cheapest
power), accordlngto,IHS. " forms of renewable energy - Wind and
To force Portugal's energy transition, _ ;,hy~power- a~d ratchetlng down the'
Mr, S6crates's government, restruc--', ~_premlUm prices It pays to lure compa-
tured'and privatized former state eneI'. nles to build new plants.
ayutllitles to create a grid better suited,' While the government estimates that
to ren!,!wable power 8Oun::es.'Thlure pri. ;'" . the t~tal investm.ent ,ili revamping Por.
vate companiell into Portugal's . new- ,-;.tugal B energy structure will be abl?ut
i'narket, the govern merit gave them~QIl.~"....':,16:3 billion euros, or $22 billion, that cost,
tracts locldng In a stable prlce'fl)r.1S ':~ ,Isbome by the private companies that
years-,. a'subsidy that varied ,by ;~ech::' o~rate the. grid and t,he renewable
nologyam:lwas tnitiallyhlg#;:l:lut'l'de- plants and IS reflected In consumers'
creased with each new contractJ;"Oun'd, electricity rates. The companies' pay.
Compared with the Unlted$tates' ,.Eu-- .", ba~k G9mes from the 15 years of guaran-
ropean counmeshave powerlulln'cen--:',:t~~:wholesale electricity rates'p_rom,..
t1ves i'Jo pursue'~ renewable-.:.':;energy; ,~~ea,bythe government:' O~~e the~~ew ,~,
Many;, Uke_ Portugaf,' have JI~le' fossil ._:~,! ~structure is c~mplet~d, ~r.' Pinho."
fuel of their own;anlt the Eurl)pean'.Un-::_ ~S;W~,_:,~e. system V:i'. ,cost__aooutl1 bU-,,;~;
lon's emissions tradin. .g system diSCO. ur'-' -"I."l1on- eur<1s.'(S2.~,.tlllhOn) 8 year.le~ ,to, " :'. N~. "", ",0; '--T'~' .:-;....:'i: ""!>,,",",N.'+c' """'. 'I'. ~KI' _un. lt~ .""'.
'ntt "tw 'ro. ~. .1l.'"'" ~
ages fossil fuel' use."by requiring:'In~,i~;'l::untha:n it formerly did, prlmf!11li by " .~\,;~:~. ,,*.,,~~,.'~<- :"~'_ \~~;fl,.':,::;(~';'~:'.i-\\;~.:~:~. ", :t:\).'~-<il..~:J' '. '-~~"_,:?,l"",~
;;,,' Hr.~<:,,'~.'~_-:-.
dustrY' to essendally _pay. forexee$Siv~{fJ(.avolqin& natural gas Imports. ).: .,SQntract.s to private companies [Q:;.lt~.d ',~' mOheJurg:topre~ct_weathl:r, especially.',:
carbon dioxide emiS5ions..:-~i~~;';..;>;h-/u' .: A.;smap.~~sav\ngs will come from car-'fl,nd.;,. ope~te wind: an~ hydrop?w~r, ,~:.wlnd patte"!1s; and computeCP_I'?gram~:-'
Portugal was weU'-polsed to J?e'a guln~,~-t 1:lO1} ~t$ 'f,prtugalc.an seU under the p,lants. BIdders were, granted nghts,~ ':.,_:;tQcalculate~nergy, frol!'~e ~llr!l.lus re::
ea pig because It has large un~PPed~~;~fitppeatl.:.Unl()n'~ car~l?On U'a~g sys-, ..J:~!l8ed on the government-guaranteed, :~"l'!~!"'aI:?l~ner&y:_~lanU. SUlce"thecowv~,
sources of wiiut anlt rtvei'rp6we_J;;' t&i:~q;'i.te~nr~o}llltrie.s, _Il;"d: -.;~dus~~s that:~,,;p~1ce they would ~ccept for the ~nergy :~:S'e~er.p'}rapslti.on, tJ:Ie'l1etwOr,k has
two _ most .'cosi~ecdve.,.2":r.'en~:[. ,able';. ,{fPJ.?,u., c~'Jewer: em. ~,. ,_s."...". '. "'. an. allotted ,;:~~.\!1.~y produced, as Well. as on, theU' wIIl._ '~.~~r~.~;th..~.'~.,ll.~"be.
.r~Io...f'd,i;;. .'J:\atchers. .~..h., 0..
sources. Govemme'nt offiCia1ir4y:~~~;s.A.,: ", ,sell:1>l!~~.-'> ~;.th~. ~~r-;r:c~~ ~'.TlOgrtess to Inyes~,ln<Portugal~s renew. ~:; ro~~e,~!l~~'.O:.Wh~J~'J~,l1.~edA,,;~~,;:,.
energy. 'transfOrmatlOn,r.equiI;,e4..:n_o~~;,:.!~tl:1el:r.umtts. .:! ....., "."..;~J:'7:~~,..;.,,;;Ih.~~ lib.."...!e economy. Incl,ildirig.,., , _jobs and other ",-,,_.,,':E.you"ri..~.
..a)..ot.of4i_~y.-,~:)~ Ii ,a.,.
creSS<! In taxes or pub1i~,debt,:P'!"eclselY';:.'.,~~~, Fujlno of the Interytadon~-.En~-,' .,c ve.nture capital ~~, Some of the win- ':"f~e~-~e {TPera;lonl~~;.~!ir~~~e far ,
because the new sources_'or-;~]~c1ty;":/;.gy Agency said P?r1Ugal's .~~i1Il1t1Qr.s~i~~r:; were forelgn.companle~. In the lat. ,".~ mop~: d~!_9~A:lt.'~e..J:nll~e_,;~f!ye~
which ,require no fuer'and produte 'no'-.:mlght be optlmist1c. But' hel;lot~:that'i'~,e!!t round of bidding; the pnce guaran. .'hpur,-e~ry.second,':.Sl\l'd,:.VJ.cfClr'Bap.t1s~,
emissions, replaced electridty', previ.{.':" the country's transition ha4 iUsO':ereliF'10'Y~ for wind energy was In the range of .._ta:'diTec~~:ge!1erntor,~E.,~,;-;Th^e-, 01):.,:
'dusly produced by buyingaIid',burnlng-~i ed a valuable new lndustr,i:' LaSt:y'ear'f1~the' price paid fgr"electrlclty generated." #ctille- ili:t6: k~p .the_~y.s~_#rtJ11lye 'and."'
imported. natural-'gas; _col.ll'tl.nd. oIL By ~~ for the first time, it,tie1:arile 'a net power'f'!,"-~~ naturalgas~ :~.t~:: 1 " ': ..:".' : ~voi,d blackouts.~~":,~;.--.I,r:.':~-';.!~.'.'
~-, ;';'"
:1014 the renewableem!rKYprogram will exporter, sending -a. small amount of~.!?:'?5uch a drasdc,morganizadon might ,.' LIke ,some -AmeJ:i~ states; Portugal .
anow Portugal ,to tully close alleasUwo electridty to Spain, Tens,o.ftho~sarid~ of :'_~ be:extremely .difficult In th~ United has for 'decadlCs:"gen~ra~ed. el~tri.9ty.
conventional power Plants.~and reduce Portuguese workm',the f,eld. Ener~~~~"Statl;S.. :-"here I?qWer.co~pames have '.from hyd~PO.\,'ll!rj,l'lfU1~i.on its ra8lI).g.,.,
theo~~;~n~of~~e~<f:,;~rd:;..';}>;?-' de PortulIaJ._~,e,~~~:~,~~~~~';.,;h,,~tJ'!;l~~Olltl~~J(a~,~l..~;~~~~:~h~~~~:'~t:~~Jt~W'_~i'~~ ~!l:~...~~~,::-
I MSo.far the program haS placed no gy company, owns.wlnd_:t'an:ns~~OWll!.',"'....wll~ther:tollrom(jte~renewab)~cmergy;-_~f;ahd."W8tet~'W'itid=<lrlven~rbinespump
steeu '.'n tho e. !!atlonw. budget" and has.. and Texas,' through itS '/I1neH~. ~~Ui?"--f_.~ Co. loia~o;~ec~tty-legis1afid~~,.per-.;;,., watet: up~., ..~t.nJght:,. the most bl.ust~-:.
not created,goyemmet1~d$~~Shin~ . sldiary, HorlzonWlnd EnergyJ::;(...j.:~~,..:::.;; cet:\t':of ItseneI'jJy'mll;5'co~el!om re- ~ period;; then the water f1owsd~ ~
jI Fujlnciihead',ot.~e.Jn~tl,oilliJ ~er~{ :'l. .. . "" ~'.'~-~';1 :~.ne~able'.s()U(l:~~:py ~O,20i- but neigh- by. day, 'generati~g . ~Iectrlcity, ~~hen .:'
BY Agency's countrY:_st'hdy divislon.:-.~':: Redesl&nlng the System bonng Utah has ,51OIy~weak voluntary conswner demand IS highest. _
,,:If thelUnJted Statelll$,to catCh up ~o "'~_,.; - ..' goals. Coal states, like: Kentucky and Derunark; another country tllat l;'~Ues
oOunfries like Portugal; energy experts '. f. (nadonwlde. supply of. renewable West VIrginia, have relatively few pol. heavily on wind power, frequently Im-;.;
say,lt_must overcome obstacles like a po"!ier ,fequires a grid that can move lcies to enctll,lrage alternative energies. ports electrlQl:y. from, its ;,energy-rl~_:,
ftagmentad, outdated energy grid poor~ .,e1~I.clty_~o.m windy, sunny places to In PortUgaJ. ~.ai.d Mr. Pinho, ~.e for- neighbor Norway w~enth~_ ~d ~ea
ly sulted-tO:renewable energy;. a h1stor~ . the CIties.. t .:1.. mer economy,nwuster, who willJo1O Co- dOWOiby comparison, Portugal s gtld,ls
Ie rellanc~ on plentifuVarid cheap sup:. ..'-".: _But a. decade ago, in ,Portugal, as,ln Iwnbia University's faculty, Mthe prime relatively isolated, alth.ougll 1.te..i'f.l1as
plies of fossll.fuelsi espc<;ially coal; pow-", 'many places In the Unl~ed States today, minister had an absolute majority. He greatly Increased-, Its' conp.ectionc with:,,_
erful oUanil cow industries that often.~'; power companies own~,not pnl~:power was very strong, and everyone knew ~e.',:,,' Spain t~ allow forenerst,sharlng. ;""/' ,,',
oppose',incendves'for renewable devel- .\. generating plants, but also transril,l.ssIpn ';;"wouldnot stepback,M ;;~::;:~~,., . Portugw's distribution :ryst~m lS.also .
opment; an~ energy Polley that is heav- "'.' lInes,-.Those, companies.' have~ llttle<,;In' _.'_~:;';'+... .. ^~. ';'. no"" a two-way street Instead:ofjust de--"
ilylnf1u.encedbylndividu3!-:5tates. ' ::,c.entive.to :ovelcomene\\"sources..~.fte-,."l',Afiexlble Network '-:})!\livering el,~city, it draws el~clty"
, The relative costs of an_energy transl-.. newable;';energy, which~',compet.!;:llvIth . ,.,":;-'~'_ "<<' from even the:~~~st'g~~eJ:!.Wt$;' ~e:~~
tion In the United_ States would Inevita. \";.- their -Investment 1n<.fossU fuels;'!So..in , Running a country usIng elcctrlclty.,,< rooftop solar, panels; ,The gClJ,'emnt_~nt,
ply be high,er than' in Po~ugw. But uf:' 2000, j'ortugal's ~t."step w~ +O--"sep.. .:_: deriv,ed. from natu.re's highly unpredlct- a,ggresslveJy e~c?\-I.~es'~.~~;C9_n~bu-,;.
the expense of renewable powerprops.J"'~ arate making el~l?ttfrom transport-. abI~ - forces rf!!qurres new technology tlOns by s~tdrig ,. pre~um pnce ;fl)r,~
an Increasing -nwnber of countries'see',", 'lng lto-..through a'mandatop" purchase, and the juggling skills of a plate spinner. those -who buy'.rooftop..generated~,solar;
such a shift as worthwhile, said Alex ~,'<. by the government or-all transmlssion-". A wind fann that produces 200 mega- electricity. '<To m~ this Idnd o(system:~.o!
Klein, research director,c1ean and_re-~;'lines for electricity IU'ld','gas;afWhat_ watts one hour.,may produce only 5 "work,youhaveto,pia"ke-alotof4Iff,erent--:'
newablepowergeneration,at'IHS."'~,~:_':'; :we'~de:.m~fairm,arke(prites. '~,,:<)e;;:' _m~gaw~tts.a few hou~s later; the sun Jtinds'of de~s'1ii the"sam~,tJine;";:satd:.~
~The_cost gap"willdose -'nthe next '"'.1'\ Those'lfnes were then.lclsedlo cn;ate : $.hines Ulternllttet1t1.y ~ many places; :)~arlos Zorrlnho, the secr:~,pf ,~~te.~
decade, but \lfhatyou get riiht away ,is :.the slteleton()f what slnce.2007 has, been .."; .hydropower Is ple~dtuI}n the rainy win. for energy an~ Innovadon. _N' "~l--~:It ",1':'-;
an energy supplythaqs domestICally _, II regulated and publlclyti'aded cOl11pa-::'.'~ ter:buqnay be Ifmlted. 10 summer. ' To ,ensure a stable, power,.base~ whel1.;,:
controlled and sarer: Mi. lOeln.'saJd.' ~'r ny that opef"Jltes the national elec[y'jdty ~ "'. ,Portugal's nadonal energy transmis- . the,forces of nature shl,lt downl the'Bys- ,.
, "':,' and natural gas networks. '..... 'slon company, Redes Energ~tlcas " tem needs to ma~ntaln a blllle '01 fossil
Necessity Drl~~~"Chan&:e.'. -'N;~-the"g~~-~;;e~ auction~l~ff~/.,Nad~n~~.;r-:-iiN~ s;;;histi~ted. -fi1;I' that can be'ftred" ~p a-I ~lr Ai:
.', ~ -.'. '",.. . '. .-. ? -~" ',., ~', ~j
Portugal's venture waS driven by ne- . "
cessity: With a rising standard of living Leading the Way Toward Renewable Power
and no fossil fuel of its own, the cost of
energy imports _ principally oil and Portugal is on track to reach its goal 01 using domestically produced renewable energy for 60 percent of Its electricily, including
gas _ doubled In the last decade, ac. more than 50 percent from sources other tl1an large-scale l1ydropower, a.nd lor 31 percent of ils tolal energy needs by 2020.
counting for 50 percent of the country's
trade deficit, and was hlghi:r; volatile.
The oil went to fuel cars, the gas maJnJy
to electricity. Unlike the United States,
Portugal never depended heavily on
coal ror electricity generation because
close and reliable sources of natural gas
were available In North Africa, and Eu-
rope's carbon trading system could
makecoalcostiy.
- Portugal is now on track to reach its
goal of using domestically produced re-
newable energy, including large-scale
hydropower, for 60 percent of its elec-
tricity and 31 percent of Its total energy
needs by 2020. (Total energy needs In-
clude purposes other than generating
electricity, like heating homes and
powering cars.) .
, Portugal has overcome'longstandlng
concerns about reliabilitylihd high cost.
The lights go on In Ushon even when
the wind dies down at the vast two-
year~ld Alto Mlnho wind fann. Its elec-
tricity production costs and consumer
electricity rates - Including the pre-
mium prices paid for po~er from re-
Share of power fueled by renewable enel'iY
other than la~ hydropower, 2009
30% of power
,
o 5
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10
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NEW ZEALAND
13'
)
Top left, a wind farm at Bario de
Sao Joao, south of Lisbon. Jose
Cristino, below, a farmer, said the
project waa Mgood for the country
because it's clean energy and it's
good for the landowners who got
money, but it hasn't brought me any
good,~ He said, Mllook at these
. things day and night. M Bottom left, e
solar station in Moura generates
power, but few permanent jobs.
though Portugal's traditional power
plants now operate many fewer hours
than before, the country is also building
some highly erticient natural gas plants.
To accommodate all this, Portugal
needed. new transmission lloes from re-
mote windy regions to urban centers.
Portugal began modernizing its grid a
~, decade ago., Accommodating a greater
share of renewable power cost an addi.
tional 480 mlllion euros, or about $637
million, an expense foldltd into.elec(ricl-
ty rates, according tol(EN.. .
Last year, President Obama offered
billions of dollars in grants to modernize
the grid In the United States, but it is not
clear that such a piecemeal effort will be
adequate for renewable power. Widely
diverse permitting procedures in differ-
ent states and the fact that many pri-
vate companies control local fragments
of the grid make It hard to move power
over long distances, for example, from
windy Iowa to users in AUanta. The
American Society of Civil Engineers
says the United States' grid Is Mln ur-
gent need of modemization.M
MA real smart natioOlil grid would rad.
ically change our technology profile,M
said John Juech, vice president for pol.
Icy analysis at Garten Rothkopf, a
Washington consulting firm that focus-
es on energy. UBut it will be very costly,
and the poiiiical will may not be there.M
A 2009 report commissioned by the
Pew Center on Global Climate Change
estimated that the United States would
have to spend $3 billion to $4 bUUon s
year for the next two decades to create
a grid that could accommodate deriving
20 percent of electricity from wind pow.
er by 2030 - a 40 percent to 50 percent
increase over current spending.
The Drawbacks
Energy experts consider Portugal's
experiment a success. But there have
been losers. Many environmentalists
object to the government plans to dou-
ble the amount of wind energy, saying
lights and noise from turbines will in-
terfere with birds' behavior, Conserva-
tion groups worry that new dams will
destroy Portugal's cork~alt habitats.
Local companies complain that the
government allowed large multination-
als to displace them.
Until it became the site of the largest
wind farm south of Lisbon, Barlo de
SAD Jolo was a sleepy village on the
blustery Alentejo Coast, home to farm-
ers who tilled'its roller coast~r hliis and'
holiday homeowners drawn to cheap
land and idyllic views.
~I know it's good for the country be-
cause it's dean energy and it's good for
the landowners who got money. but it
hasn't brought me any good,M said Jos~
Crlstino, 48. a burly farmer harvesting
grain with a wind turbine's thrap-thrap-
thrap In the background. MI look at
these things day and nlght.~ He said 90
percent of the town's population had
been opposed.
tn Portugal as in the United Stales,
politicians have sold green energy pro-
grams to communities with promises of
job creation. Locally, the effect has often
proved limited. For example, more than
five years ago, the Isolated. clty of Mou-
ra became the site of PortugaI'S largest
solar plant because it Mgets the most
sun of anywhere in Europe and has lots
of useless space," said Jos~ Maria Pra.
zeres Pos-de-Mina, the mayor.
But while 400 prople built the Moura
plant, only 20 to 25 work. there now,
since gathering sunlight requires Uttle
human labor, Unemployment remains
at 15 percent, the mayor said - though
researchers, engineers and foreign del-
egations frequently visit the town's new
solar research center.
Indeed, Portugal's engineers and
com?,~e~~~.,:o_~.~~~~al i~~~:.~~
CITY OF
ASHLAND
August 17,2010
Michael Cavallaro, Executive Director
Rogue Valley Council of Governments
P.O. Box 3275
Central Point, OR 97502
Dear Mr. Cavallaro,
The City of Ashland wishes to express its support of, and commits to participate in, the proposed
Community Challenge Grant entitled "Institutionalizing Livability, Sustain ability, and
AJJordability in Southern Oregon through Comprehensive Planning." We believe this project
will provide a critical next step to the groundbreaking ten-year Regional Problem Solving plan
process by providing the region with critical tools to improve our future ability to maintain
functional urban centers amidst working agricultural and forest land.
As participants in the proposed project, we will provide the following as match over the three-
year implementation period (November 2010 to November 2013):
CCPG ACTIVITY FUNDING VALUE.
SOURCE
Finalization of Regional Problem Solving Plan City 178 hours x $50 -
process (the final stage of RPS Plan approval, $8,900
incorporating County adopted Plan into City the
Comprehensive Plan & Ordinances, etc.)
Transportation System Plan Update- City $241,740
Staffing, Direct Expenses, Consultant Services
Transportation System Plan Update - State (ODOT $175,000
Consultant Services Grant)
Total City, State $425,640
While the values above represent an estimate of monetary value and, in some cases, timelines
and schedules, they are our best estimate based on historic patterns and state- and federally-
mandated planning requirements.
Respectfully, ~
~ )<J-J!Jl~~d
ijn S:n:berg, Mayor
City of Ashland
c: Council
Bill Molnar, Community Development Director
OFFICE OFTHE MAYOR
20 East Main Street
Ashland, Oregon 97520
WWN.ashland.or.us
T 01: 541-488-6002
Fax: 541-488.5311
m:.8oo-735-29oo
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